1. May Fourth Movement May Fourth Incident May 4, 1919
Versailles Peace Treaty, Shandong Issue
Student Protest
Students Protesting in Beijng

2. Tsinghua University Students Burning Japanese Goods
Student Protests
Tsinghua University Students Burning Japanese Goods

3. May Fourth Movement: Intellectual and Political Concerns
Nationalism
Anti-imperialism
Anti-warlord
Mass Movements
Intellectual Concerns
Social Darwinism
New Culture
Literary Reform
Mass Education

4. New Youth Magazine

5. Leading Figures Chen Duxiu (1879-1942) Beida Dean (1917-1919)
Studied in Japan
Chinese Youth
Founder of New Youth Magazine
Mr. Science and Mr. Democracy
Co-founder Chinese Communist Party

6. Call to Youth! (1915) Be independent, not servile
Be progressive, not conservative
Be aggressive, not retiring
Be cosmopolitan, not isolationist
Be utilitarian, not formalistic
Be scientific, not imaginative

7. Li Dazhao ( )

8. Leading Figures Li Dazhao (1889-1927) Beida Librarian, Historian
Studied in Japan
Co-editor of New Youth
Founder of Marxist Study Group
Co-founder of CCP

9. High Tide of Warlords 1916-27 Military Governors
Former Beiyang Army Officers
Constantly Shifting Alliances and Battles
Power Politics

10. Zhang Xun (1854-1923) Qing Loyalist Backed Yuan Shikai
“Restored” Qing 1917
Fled to Dutch legation

11. Zhang Zuolin 1875-1928 Monarchist Manchurian Warlord
Occupied Beijing 1924
Assassinated by Japanese Army 6/4/28

12. Feng Yuxiang (1884-1948) Beiyang Army Officer Christian General
“Progressive Warlord
Joined GMD
Supported Northern Expedition

13. Wu Peifu (1874-1939) Beiyang Army Officer
Suppressed Railway Workers Strike

14. Sun Chuanfang (1885-1935) Beiyang Army Japanese Military School
Controlled Lower Yangzi
Defeated in Northern Expedition

15. Nationalists (GMD) and Communist (CCP) Movements
Nationalist (Guomindang GMD)
Communist (CCP)

16. Reorganization of the Nationalist Party,国民党(GMD)
Sun Yat-sen centralized control of party
Three People’s Principles
Peoples’ Democracy
Peoples' Nationalism
Peoples’ Livelihood
Sun Yat-sen

17. Reorganized Nationalist Party GMD
Governments in Canton stabilized in 1923
Sun-Joffee Agreement (Adolf Joffee, Comintern agent)
China not ready for Socialist System
Present goal: reunification and national independence
Soviets willing to negotiate return of Czarist rights
Renounce claims on Outer Mongolia

18. Chinese Communist Party (CCP) 1921, Shanghai
Russian Revolution, Comintern
“Scientific theory of historical progress”
Leninist role of Party suited to Chinese intellectuals
Marxist World View place China in forefront
Chinese Communist Poster With Lenin

19. First United Front (1923-1927) Comintern Influence
Whampoa Academy 1924
GMD- CCP United Front
Newspapers
Mass Organizations
Labor Unions
Peasant Associations
Women’s Associations

20. Michael Borodin
Comintern Agent

21. Zhou Enlai, Political Director Whampoa, 1927

22. Best Looking Chinese Leader?

23. Rise of Chiang Kai-shek
Top military advisor to Sun Yat-sen
Commandant of Whampoa
Leader of Northern Expedition

24. Northern Expedition 1927 Defeat Warlords in South and Central China
Consolidate Chiang’s control of Guomindang
Shanghai Massacre April
Split with CCP
Nationalist Government established in Nanjing

25. Guomindang Arrests Shanghai 1927

26. Disease of Skin vs. Disease of the Heart
Rising nationalism
Encirclement Campaigns
Manchurian Incident September 18, 1931
Japanese Seizure of Manchuria
Zhang Xueliang, Manchurian Warlord