1. Mao Zedong The Guomindang 1912-1927

2. 2 Sun Yatsen Chinese revolutionary leader First president Republic of China 1912 Developed political philosophy: Three Principles of the People Uniting figure in post-imperial China Not able to consolidate power over the country, after death civil war

3. 3 The Guomindang (GMD) Revolutionary alliance = Nationalist Party Party won election 1912, result declared invalid GMD built strong power base in South China

4. 4 May Fourth Period Death Yuan Shikai 1916 No effective leadership By 1919 strong regional leaders = warlords 4 May 1919 mass demonstration Beijing led by young educated Chinese

5. 5 The Demonstration Direct cause = poor treatment of China by Western powers after WWI Outcome = undermine influence Western liberal ideas Increased political activity among the young

6. 6 Founding of the CCP Radicalisation of politics = founding CCP in Shanghai 1921 Dominated by pro-comintern members

7. 7 The Guomindang and the CCP 1923-1927 GMD and CCP alliance Long term strategy of Comintern – GMD next govt. of unified China GMD sought Moscow’s help

8. 8 Chiang Kai-Shek Born 1887, returned China 1910 Took over leadership 1925 1926 mounted Northern Expedition from base in Canton – aiming to reunify China Established National government in Nanjing 1928

9. 9 Break with the CCP Once Chiang national leader turned on CCP Shanghai leading CCP members purged 1928-1937 major campaign to stamp out CCP