Matter: Chemical and Physical Properties

Review… Matter is…  Anything that has mass and takes up space It commonly comes in four forms:  Solid  Liquid  Gas  Plasma

Solids Matter that has a definite shape and definite volume. Solids will not take the shape of a container. They are made up of tightly packed atoms that have restricted motion.

Liquids Liquids have a definite volume however they will take the shape of the container in which they are placed. Atoms are arranged loosely and move about freely. Because liquids flow they are consider fluids.

Gases Gases take the shape of whatever contains them. They have no definite volume as they readily expand to fill a room and can be compressed tightly to occupy small spaces. Atoms moves about wildly but will flow and are fluids.

Plasma Believe it or not the most common phase of matter in the universe! Similar to gas but even more “excited” atoms-a certain number of the atoms become ionized. All of the stars are made of plasmas.

Phase Transitions: Matter can change from phase to phase with the addition or removal of energy.

Physical Chemical Properties

Physical Pr0perties Chemical Properties A physical property is any property that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter. Properties that won’t change the chemical nature of the matter A property of matter that describes its “potential” to undergo some chemical change by virtue of its composition. Properties that will change the chemical nature of thematter Defining Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical Properties Boiling Point Melting/freezing Point Color Smell Viscosity Opacity Are there others?

Chemical Properties Flammability (and volatility) Reactivity to acid Reactivity to water And more…

Magnetism? Solubility (The ability to dissolve)? What about these properties?

Evidence of a Physical Change Change of state (phase) Can be changed back to original item easily No loss of chemical properties as a result of the change Melting/freezing/boiling /condensing Cutting of the material Others?

Evidence of Chemical Change Temperature change Energy absorbed or given off Gas bubbles form Color change of the substance Substance cannot be returned to original form without an additional chemical reaction Flame/smoke is generated Odors not previously associated with the substance are present Change of mass may result