The Reformation and Christianity

Christianity a follower of Jesus Christ

The Protestant Reformation The Big Idea Unsatisfied with the Roman Catholic Church, religious reformers broke away to form their own churches

Complaints against the Church  Main Idea 1: The Catholic Church faced challengers who were upset with the behavior of Catholic clergy and with church practices. You have made me very angry. Very angry indeed.

Complaints against the Church  By the late Renaissance, people had begun to complain about problems in the Catholic Church. They called on the church to make changes. Their calls for change led to a reform movement against the Roman Catholic Church, called the Reformation.

Complaints against the Church  People felt that the clergy and the pope had become too political.  The way the church raised money was also considered unfair. The sale of pardons or indulgences was unpopular. Money, money, money… money.

Complaints against the Church  An indulgence was a document given by the pope that excused a person from penalties for sins he or she had committed. The idea that someone could pay for their sins with money made many Christians angry.  These unpopular practices weakened the church, and people began calling for reform. Money, money… money

The Teachings of Martin Luther  Main Idea 2: Martin Luther urged reform in the Catholic Church, but he eventually broke away from the church. Martin Luther King Jr. was named after this church reformer.

1. What was an indulgence? C. A document that allowed people to go into a church. D. A document given by the church that allowed churches to run a town. A. A document that called for changes in the church. B. A document given by the church that excused someone’s sins.

2. The Catholic Church sold indulgences to … B. allow sinners to make into heaven. C. raise money and get out of debt. D. buy more bling for the Pope. A. raise money for missionaries.

3. Both Catholics and Protestants are Christians. A. True B. False Christians CatholicsProtestants

The Teachings of Martin Luther  On October 31, 1517, a priest named Martin Luther added his voice to the call for reform. He nailed a list of complaints to the church door in Wittenberg, Germany. These became known as the Ninety-Five Theses. Erasmus was a Dutch priest. He was one of the first priests to voice complaints against the church and inspired Martin Luther

The Teachings of Martin Luther  Luther thought that anyone could have a direct relationship with God.  He did not believe that priests had to speak to God for the people, or that indulgences should be sold.

The Teachings of Martin Luther  Beliefs should be based on the Bible, not interpreted by priests or the pope.  Luther translated the Bible into German so that Europeans could read it for the first time.

4. What were the 95 Theses? B. The German Bible written by Martin Luther. C. The indulgences sold by the Catholic Church. D. Martin Luther’s complaints against the Catholic Church. A. Martin Luther’s book about the Protestant Churches.

5. Martin Luther is famous for his protests against the Protestant Church. A. True B. False - His protests were against the Catholic Church.

6. Which statement is NOT true? B. Luther believed that the selling of indulgences was wrong. C. Luther believed that priests were needed for commoners to have a relationship with God. D. Luther nailed his 95 Theses to a Church door. A. Luther translated the Bible into German so that everyone, not just priests, could read it. - He believed anyone could have a relationship with God, even without priests.

Other Reformers  Main Idea 3: Other reformers built on the ideas of early reformers to create their own churches.

Other Reformers  Following in the footsteps of Martin Luther, other reformers broke away from the Catholic Church to form churches of their own. William Tyndale John Calvin King Henry VIII

Other Reformers  William Tyndale was an English professor. He believed that everyone should be able to read and interpret the Bible. He translated the Bible into English. He had to flee England since he had angered the clergy with his ideas, but he continued to send Bibles back to his home country. Tyndale was burned at the stake. He was not well liked by the King of England or the Pope.

Other Reformers  John Calvin believed that God knew who would be saved even before they were born. This is called predestination. Nothing that people did during their lives would change God’s plan, but it was important to live a good life and obey God’s laws.

Other Reformers  Henry VIII was also a major figure in the Reformation. Henry wanted to get married again so he could have a son to be his heir. The pope refused Henry’s request, so he left the Catholic Church and created his own church – the church of England. haahaa

Other Reformers  The Church of England, or Anglican Church, was much like the Catholic Church, but it opened the door for other churches to form. Canterbury Cathedral in England. Hee-hee

7. What did Tyndale do that was important? C. He translated the Bible into Latin. D. He started the Calvinist Church. A. He spoke out against the church in his 95 Theses. B. He translated the Bible into English.

8. John Calvin’s belief that God knew who would be saved before they were even alive is known as.. B. divine right. C. predestination. D. protestantism. A. destination.

9. Why did King Henry VIII break away from the Catholic Church and start the Anglican Church? C. Because the Catholic Church was selling indulgences. D. Because he wanted to be called Father Henry at Church. A. Because he was inspired by the ideas of Martin Luther. B. Because the Pope wouldn’t allow him to divorce his wife.

10. Which statement is NOT true? B. Protestant leaders like Tyndale, Calvin, and Zwingli followed in the footsteps of Luther. C. King Henry VIII started the Church of Germany, also known as the Anglican Church. D. Protestant reformers like Tyndale faced persecution from the Catholic Church. A. The printing press advanced the Reformation by allowing more people to read the Bible. - it was the church of England.

1. What is the title of the primary source? 2. Who wrote it? 3. When was it written? 4. Who was the intended audience? Primary Source The 95 Theses Martin Luther 1517: towards the end of the Renaissance common people, the Pope, & the clergy of the Catholic church