Climatology Review

Question 1 Why do gyres form? Why do gyres form? The Coriolis effect The Coriolis effect

Question 2 Name three factors that controls the movement of surface currents. Name three factors that controls the movement of surface currents. The location of the continents, Earth’s rotation, winds The location of the continents, Earth’s rotation, winds

Question 3 Name two characteristics of a body of water (saline) regarding salinity and density IF the body of water experiences high evaporation and low rainfall. Name two characteristics of a body of water (saline) regarding salinity and density IF the body of water experiences high evaporation and low rainfall. High salinity and high density High salinity and high density

Question 4 Define wavelength… Define wavelength… Two consecutive wave crests pass a given point. Two consecutive wave crests pass a given point.

Question 5 Name the three factors that determine the size of a wave. Name the three factors that determine the size of a wave. Wind speed, Fetch, and length of time the wind blows. Wind speed, Fetch, and length of time the wind blows.

Question 6 What is the major force behind the formation of tides? What is the major force behind the formation of tides? The gravitational pull of the moon on the Earth and its waters. The gravitational pull of the moon on the Earth and its waters.

Question 7 What is the curving of the path of ocean currents and wind belts called? What is the curving of the path of ocean currents and wind belts called? The coriolis effect The coriolis effect

Question 8 Are differences in density of ocean water more likely to affect surface ocean currents or deep ocean currents? Are differences in density of ocean water more likely to affect surface ocean currents or deep ocean currents? Deep ocean currents Deep ocean currents

Question 9 What is the highest point of wave called? What is the highest point of wave called? –Crest What is the lowest point of a wave called? What is the lowest point of a wave called? –Trough

Question 10 What is a tsunami usually caused by? What is a tsunami usually caused by? An earthquake or seismic activity on the ocean floor (not tides) An earthquake or seismic activity on the ocean floor (not tides)

Question 11 Describe the movement of a water particle in a wave. Describe the movement of a water particle in a wave. Moves in a complete circle Moves in a complete circle

Question 12 Due to the Earth’s slow absorption rate of solar energy, the warmest part of the day is when? Due to the Earth’s slow absorption rate of solar energy, the warmest part of the day is when? Afternoon Afternoon

Question 13 What are narrow bands of high speed winds that blow in the UPPER atmosphere? What are narrow bands of high speed winds that blow in the UPPER atmosphere? Jet stream Jet stream

Question 14 What are doldrums? What are doldrums? Narrow zone of weak winds located at the equator where the trade winds of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres meet. Narrow zone of weak winds located at the equator where the trade winds of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres meet.

Question 15 What are the prevailing winds that we experience here in the United states? What are the prevailing winds that we experience here in the United states? Westerlies Westerlies

Question 16 Due to the Coriolis effect, objects that travel North From the equator curve in what direction? Due to the Coriolis effect, objects that travel North From the equator curve in what direction? East (right) East (right)

Question 17 What continues to absorb solar energy and increase in temperature as long as the sun’s rays hit it? What continues to absorb solar energy and increase in temperature as long as the sun’s rays hit it? The land The land

Question 18 What is rain shadow? What is rain shadow? A weather event in which a moving air mass hits a mountain, rises, cools, and loses most of its moisture through precipitation A weather event in which a moving air mass hits a mountain, rises, cools, and loses most of its moisture through precipitation

Question 19 Which of the following helps to moderate temperatures: Land Land Oceans Oceans Mountains Mountains Sun Sun

Question 20 Which climate has little or no life, temps below freezing year round, and high winds? Which climate has little or no life, temps below freezing year round, and high winds? Polar icecap Polar icecap

Question 21 Which heats faster, water or land? Which heats faster, water or land? Land Land

Question 22 How are deserts and polar icecaps similar? (Hint: think about temperature or precipitation) How are deserts and polar icecaps similar? (Hint: think about temperature or precipitation) Low annual precipitation Low annual precipitation

Question 23 What is a gyre? What is a gyre? A huge circle of moving ocean water found above and below the equator A huge circle of moving ocean water found above and below the equator

Question 24 What is convection? What is convection? Movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations