1. Chapter 22 Test Review
The Atmosphere

2. 1. A _____ between Earth’s absorption of solar energy and an increase in temperature makes the _______ part of a day in the ________.
delay
warmest
afternoon

3. 2. After Earth absorbs ______ rays that heat the ground, thermal energy is _______ by the atmosphere from the _________.
infrared
absorbed
ground.

4. 3. _______ is the fraction of solar radiation reaching Earth that is reflected.
Albedo

5. 4. Atmospheric pressure is measured with a ________.
barometer

6. 5. Because of the _____ _____, an object that travels north from the equator will curve to the right.
Coriolis
Effect

7. 6. _______ is the transfer of energy as heat through a material.
Conduction

8. 7. ______ cells are the three looping patterns of air flow that exist in each hemisphere.
Convection

9. 8. _________ is the movement of matter due to differences in density caused by temperature variations.
Convection

10. 9. Dust, ____, and pollen are all _______ in the atmosphere.
salt
particulates

11. 10. Energy from the sun travels to Earth as _______.
radiation

12. 11. Interactions between solar radiation and the _____ cause ______.
ionosphere
auroras.

13. 12. ____ breezes blow cool air _____ _____ to water.
Land
from
land

14. 13. ____ winds are influenced by local ____ and local temperature.
conditions

15. 14. One effect of air pollution is _______ of the _____ ____.
destruction
ozone
layer.

16. 15. One harmful effect of temperature _______ is _______.
inversions
smog

17. 16. _______ winds that blow through the middle of the United States are called _________.
Prevailing
Westerlies

18. 17. _____ radiation that is not reflected back into the atmosphere is _______ by surface materials.
Solar
absorbed

19. 18. Temperature ______ can intensify the effect of smog when cool, polluted ground air is trapped by warm air.
inversions

20. 19. The _______ is a mixture of____, primarily nitrogen, oxygen, and argon, that surrounds Earth.
atmosphere
gases

21. 20. The ______ ____is the curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth’s ________.
Coriolis Effect
rotation

22. 21. The electromagnetic ____ is all of the frequencies or wavelengths of __________ radiation.
spectrum
electromagnetic

23. 22. The _____ is the coldest layer of the atmosphere in which temperature decreases as altitude increases.
mesosphere

24. 23. The narrow bands of high-speed winds that blow in the upper atmosphere are called _________.
jet streams.

25. 24. The solar radiation least absorbed by the layers of the atmosphere before reaching Earth is ______ ______.
visible light

26. 25. The _______ is the layer of the atmosphere which contains the ______ layer.
stratosphere
ozone

27. 26. The ______ is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere ; includes the ionosphere.
thermosphere

28. 27. The ____ winds of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres meet at the equator in a narrow zone of weak variable winds called __________.
trade
doldrums.

29. 28. The ______ is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, where all __________ conditions exist.
troposphere
weather

30. 29. The two most abundant _______ in the atmosphere are _____ ______ and water vapor.
compounds
carbon dioxide

31. 30. The warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases in the air trap heat near Earth’s surface is known as the _________ _____.
greenhouse effect

32. THE END!!!