1. Chapter 22 Test Review
The Atmosphere

2. 1. Atmospheric pressure is measured with a ________.
barometer

3. 2. One harmful effect of temperature _______ is _______.
inversions
smog

4. 3.The two most abundant _______ in the atmosphere are _____ ______ and water vapor.
compounds
carbon dioxide

5. 4. Energy from the sun travels to Earth as _______.
radiation

6. 5. The solar radiation least absorbed by the layers of the atmosphere before reaching Earth is ______ ______.
visible light

7. 6. After Earth absorbs ______ rays that heat the ground, thermal energy is _______ by the atmosphere from the _________.
infrared
absorbed
ground.

8. 7. A _____ between Earth’s absorption of solar energy and an increase in temperature makes the _______ part of a day in the ________.
delay
warmest
afternoon

9. 8. The narrow bands of high-speed winds that blow in the upper atmosphere are called _________.
jet streams.

10. 9. ____ winds are influenced by local ____ and local temperature.
conditions

11. 10. The ____ winds of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres meet at the equator in a narrow zone of weak variable winds called __________.
trade
doldrums.

12. 11. ____ breezes blow cool air _____ _____ to water.
Land
from
land

13. 12. One effect of air pollution is _______ of the _____ ____.
destruction
ozone
layer.

14. 13. _____ radiation that is not reflected back into the atmosphere is _______ by surface materials.
Solar
absorbed

15. 14. _______ is the fraction of solar radiation reaching Earth that is reflected.
Albedo

16. 15. _______ winds that blow through the middle of the United States are called _________.
Prevailing
Westerlies

17. 16. Because of the _____ _____, an object that travels north from the equator will curve to the right.
Coriolis
Effect

18. 17. Interactions between solar radiation and the _____ cause ______.
ionosphere
auroras.

19. 18. Temperature ______ can intensify the effect of smog when cool, polluted ground air is trapped by warm air.
inversions

20. 19. Dust, ____, and pollen are all _______ in the atmosphere.
salt
particulates

21. 20. The warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases in the air trap heat near Earth’s surface is known as the _________ _____.
greenhouse effect

22. 21. The _______ is a mixture of____, primarily nitrogen, oxygen, and argon, that surrounds Earth.
atmosphere
gases

23. 22. The ______ is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, where all __________ conditions exist.
troposphere
weather

24. 23. The _______ is the layer of the atmosphere which contains the ______ layer.
stratosphere
ozone

25. 24. The _____ is the coldest layer of the atmosphere in which temperature decreases as altitude increases.
mesosphere

26. 25. The ______ is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere ; includes the ionosphere.
thermosphere

27. 26. The electromagnetic ____ is all of the frequencies or wavelengths of __________ radiation.
spectrum
electromagnetic

28. 27. _______ is the transfer of energy as heat through a material.
Conduction

29. 28. _________ is the movement of matter due to differences in density caused by temperature variations.
Convection

30. 29. ______ cells are the three looping patterns of air flow that exist in each hemisphere.
Convection

31. 30. The ______ ____is the curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth’s ________.
Coriolis Effect
rotation

32. THE END!!!