Plate Tectonics 7 th Grade Science

Lesson 1 Earthquake- vibrations in the earth caused by sudden release of energy, as a result of the movement of rocks along a fault Earthquake- vibrations in the earth caused by sudden release of energy, as a result of the movement of rocks along a fault Seismologist- scientist who studies earthquakes Seismologist- scientist who studies earthquakes

Lesson 2 Earthquake Waves Earthquake Waves P-Wave: primary wave, first and compressional (back and forth) P-Wave: primary wave, first and compressional (back and forth) S-Wave: secondary, second and moves at right angles, much rougher S-Wave: secondary, second and moves at right angles, much rougher Surface Waves: Elliptical and back and forth on surface of earth, most destructive Surface Waves: Elliptical and back and forth on surface of earth, most destructive

Lesson 3 Seismogram- paper that records earthquake Seismogram- paper that records earthquake Seismograph- device that measures an earthquake’s intensity Seismograph- device that measures an earthquake’s intensity Epicenter – imaginary point on earth that sits on top of the focus Epicenter – imaginary point on earth that sits on top of the focus Focus – where the earthquake begins inside the earth Focus – where the earthquake begins inside the earth

Lesson 4 Plate Boundary-pieces of broken lithosphere meet, 3 types Convergent (collide), Divergent (divide) and transform (slide) Plate Boundary-pieces of broken lithosphere meet, 3 types Convergent (collide), Divergent (divide) and transform (slide) Ring of Fire-encircles the Pacific Ocean, an area of volcanic and earthquake activity Ring of Fire-encircles the Pacific Ocean, an area of volcanic and earthquake activity Magnitude- measure of total amount of energy released in an earthquake, each interval 32 times more energy is released Magnitude- measure of total amount of energy released in an earthquake, each interval 32 times more energy is released Intensity- measure of damage done during an earthquake Intensity- measure of damage done during an earthquake

Lessons 1-4 Challenge Words Liquefaction: strength and stiffness of soil is reduced by earthquake shaking, occurs in saturated soils and allows soil particles to move (think of liquid vs. solid) Liquefaction: strength and stiffness of soil is reduced by earthquake shaking, occurs in saturated soils and allows soil particles to move (think of liquid vs. solid) Lithosphere: crust and uppermost mantle, where earthquakes occur Lithosphere: crust and uppermost mantle, where earthquakes occur Subduction Zone: 2 lithospheric plates come together Subduction Zone: 2 lithospheric plates come together

Lesson 5 Parts of the Earth (inside to outside)-think of our apple Parts of the Earth (inside to outside)-think of our apple Inner Core/like the seeds of an apple Inner Core/like the seeds of an apple Outer Core/pocket that holds the seeds Outer Core/pocket that holds the seeds Mantle/meaty part of the apple-what you eat Mantle/meaty part of the apple-what you eat Lithosphere/bite out of the apple-upp.mantle/crust or a plate Lithosphere/bite out of the apple-upp.mantle/crust or a plate Crust/skin of the apple Crust/skin of the apple

Lesson 6 Lithosphere: Cool, solid outer shell of earth which is made of Crust and Upper Mantle and makes up our plates Lithosphere: Cool, solid outer shell of earth which is made of Crust and Upper Mantle and makes up our plates Asthenosphere: layer of mantle directly below the lithosphere and allows the lithosphere to move. Asthenosphere: layer of mantle directly below the lithosphere and allows the lithosphere to move. Mid-Ocean Ridge: A mountainlike landform that develops when plates separate and new ocean lithosphere forms Mid-Ocean Ridge: A mountainlike landform that develops when plates separate and new ocean lithosphere forms Subduction: The movement of a tectonic plate beneath another plate Ex. Oceanic lithosphere is more dense and subducts beneath the Continental lithosphere Subduction: The movement of a tectonic plate beneath another plate Ex. Oceanic lithosphere is more dense and subducts beneath the Continental lithosphere Seafloor Spreading: Mid-Ocean Ridge where magma is is being pushed out of the crust creating new rock Ex. A Divergent Boundary like in the Atlantic Ocean between N.America and Europe/Asia Seafloor Spreading: Mid-Ocean Ridge where magma is is being pushed out of the crust creating new rock Ex. A Divergent Boundary like in the Atlantic Ocean between N.America and Europe/Asia

Lesson 7 Brittle: describes objects that break easily when force is applied to them Brittle: describes objects that break easily when force is applied to them Ductile: describes objects that bend, stretch, or flow when a force is applied to them Ductile: describes objects that bend, stretch, or flow when a force is applied to them Fault: a fracture in bedrock, along which blocks of rock on opposite sides of the fracture move Ex. San Andreas Fault, California Fault: a fracture in bedrock, along which blocks of rock on opposite sides of the fracture move Ex. San Andreas Fault, California Plate Tectonics: Theory that lithosphere is broken into segments/plates that float on the asthenosphere and is associated with earthquakes, and volcanic activity. Plate Tectonics: Theory that lithosphere is broken into segments/plates that float on the asthenosphere and is associated with earthquakes, and volcanic activity.