Time (mins) Pulse rate (beats per minute) Student 1Student DO NOW: Two students carried out an activity to show the effect of exercise on pulse rate. They both did exactly the same exercise and both stopped exercising after exactly 8 minutes. a) What was the resting pulse rate of student 1? b) Estimate student 2’s pulse rate after 13 minutes c) Explain why our pulse rate goes up during exercise. d) From the results in the chart which student appears to be the fittest? Explain your answer.

(a) 56 (b) 105 (c) Our heart beats faster to deliver blood (carrying oxygen and glucose) more quickly to our muscle cells, so that more respiration can occur, releasing more energy. (d) Student A is the fittest because he returns to his resting pulse more quickly that the other student.

Tasks: 1)Transport for respiration 2)Blood and the O 2 carriers - please don’t write on these sheets - discuss your answers with your neighbour 3) Disease project “Science Fair”

Worksheet: Transport for respiration 1)Plasma (not a TV...) carries water around the body, and glucose is dissolved in this plasma 2)Red blood cells carry the oxygen in the blood 3)Haemoglobin is the chemical inside the blood which carries the oxygen 4)Arteries carry “oxygenated” blood away from the heart to our cells. Veins carry “de-oxygenated” blood (containing carbon dioxide) from the cells back to the heart and lungs 5)“Well adapted” means “suited” 6)Capillaries lie in between arteries and veins and they allow O 2 and CO 2 to pass in to the cells. They can do this because they are very thin (only one cell thick) and there are lots of them with large surface area 7)Red blood cells are well adapted for carrying O 2 because their shape can carry a lot of haemoglobin and they are flexible so can squeeze through narrow capillaries

Today’s Kaupapa:  Explain the function of each part of the blood (red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma)

Blood - Solutions (1)Blood carries things around your body (2)To your cells: food (glucose, from the digestive system) and oxygen (from your lungs) From your cells: waste products (water, carbon dioxide and heat) (3)75cm 3 multiplied by your weight in kg. To convert to litres, divide by 1000 (4)a) Plasma – mostly made of water, carries nutrients to and from cells b) Red cells – carry oxygen c) White cells – fight infection (5) 5 million multiplied by number of seconds you’ve been working (6) There is a shortage of blood in storage and also need to match rare blood types (7) They are killed in the spleen to keep the balance (they last for 120 days)

The Oxygen Carriers - Solutions (1)Red blood cells pick up oxygen in the lungs and give it up in cells (2)Red blood cells are made in the bone marrow Red blood cells only last 120 days, so need to be replaced (3)Anaemia is a shortage of red blood cells. The doc will prescribe iron tablets because the oxygen carrying chemical in red blood cells contains iron (4)Athletes train at because there is less oxygen, meaning their bodies produce more red blood cells. When they return to low altitudes, their red blood will therefore carry more oxygen (5)a) Increased from 4.8 to 5.7 million red blood cells per 1cm 3 b) Compensating for lack of oxygen in the air at high altitude (6)Dropped from 6.2 to 5.2 – but still higher than where it started (7)Until your red blood count stops increasing. As soon as possible.

“E hara taku toa i te toa taki tahi engari he toa taki tini” Can anyone translate this? “My achievements and knowledge are not mine alone. They belong to the people who walk beside me every day” What does this mean? What has this got to do with Science? How can we use this value of shared knowledge with our Disease Projects?