Mental Health

Fight or Flight Fight or Flight response is the body’s natural response to a stressor. Hormones like adrenaline and cortisol are released, speeding the heart rate, slowing digestion, shunting blood flow to major muscle groups, and changing various other autonomic nervous functions, giving the body a burst of energy and strength. Fight or Flight response is the body’s natural response to a stressor. Hormones like adrenaline and cortisol are released, speeding the heart rate, slowing digestion, shunting blood flow to major muscle groups, and changing various other autonomic nervous functions, giving the body a burst of energy and strength.adrenalinautonomic nervous functionsadrenalinautonomic nervous functions

How stress affects our body and our mind!

Effects of Stress depression depression diabetes diabetes hair loss hair loss heart disease heart disease hyperthyroidism hyperthyroidism obesity obesity obsessive-compulsive or anxiety disorder obsessive-compulsive or anxiety disorder sexual dysfunction sexual dysfunction tooth and gum disease tooth and gum disease ulcers ulcers cancer cancer

Personality Traits that Influence Stress Perfectionism Perfectionism Type A Personality Type A Personality Pessimism Pessimism External Locus of Control External Locus of Control Poor Communication Poor Communication Addictive or Unhealthy Behaviors Addictive or Unhealthy Behaviors Anger Anger Rumination and Obsessing Rumination and Obsessing Distorted Thinking Distorted Thinking

Depression Depression - A medical illness caused by chemical imbalance in the brain. Can affect the WHOLE body: - Thoughts - Feelings - Behaviors - Physical Health

Depression *Can be caused by the inability to cope with a life crisis Life Crisis- An experience that causes a high level of stress Examples of a life crisis?...

Depression 5 emotional responses used to cope: 1. Denial - Not wanting to believe that this has happened to them. them. 2. Anger- Being frustrated with the situation realizing that there is nothing they can do 3. Bargaining - Trying to figure out what you can do to make it better, reasoning. 4. D epression- Not accepting the situation, thinking there is nothing worse. 5. Acceptance Realizing that this has happened and moving on.

Depression Symptoms Deep Sadness Deep Sadness Apathy- lack of interest or concern Apathy- lack of interest or concern Fatigue Fatigue Agitation-nervousness Agitation-nervousness Sleep disturbances Sleep disturbances Weight or appetite changes Weight or appetite changes Lack of concentration Lack of concentration Feelings of worthlessness Feelings of worthlessness Morbid thoughts Morbid thoughts

Coping with Depression - Talk with a trusted adult - Stay connected with friends - Have a good sense of nutrition - Avoid the use of alcohol & other drugs - Seek help if depression continues

Treatment for Depression Physical Examination Physical Examination Therapy Therapy Medication: Medication: Anti-depressant – a drug used to relieve depression Anti-depressant – a drug used to relieve depression Over 90% of cases of depression can be successfully treated!!

Suicide Why address it? - 3 rd leading cause of death for ages Fastest growing age group is Approximately 750,000 Americans attempt suicide - Approximately 30,000 people die each year

Teenage Stress Factors For Suicide - Abuse of alcohol or drugs - Death of parent, parent separation or divorce - Being excluded - Sexual orientation - Being made fun of - Depression - Gender identity issues - Impulsive and or/aggressive behavior - Mental disorder

Warning Signs of Suicide Someone threatening to kill themselves Someone threatening to kill themselves Someone looking for ways to kill themselves Someone looking for ways to kill themselves - 60% of all people who complete suicide use a firearm - Someone talking or writing- dying/suicide - Hopelessness - Rage, uncontrolled anger, seeking revenge

Warning Signs of Suicide (continued) Acting reckless or engaging in risky activities, seemingly without thinking Acting reckless or engaging in risky activities, seemingly without thinking Increase in alcohol or drug use- 50% of people who attempt suicide are under the influence at a time Increase in alcohol or drug use- 50% of people who attempt suicide are under the influence at a time Withdraw from friends, family and society Withdraw from friends, family and society Anxiety, agitation, unable to sleep/sleeping all the time Anxiety, agitation, unable to sleep/sleeping all the time

Warning Signs of Suicide (continued) Dramatic mood changes Dramatic mood changes No reason for living; no sense of purpose in life No reason for living; no sense of purpose in life Giving away prized possessions Giving away prized possessions Struggling with gender identity or sexual orientation Struggling with gender identity or sexual orientation

How Can You Help? Suicide STEP 1 : STAY with the person- unless there is a risk of harm to yourself STEP 2 : Listen- really listen STEP 3 : Get, or call for help immediately- Call your parent, their parent, school counselor, pastor or rabbi or crisis hotlines

It is OK to ASK for Help A - Ask for help S - Secrets can be deadly K - Keep a support circle- a group of friends and adults that make you feel comfortable

Coping Strategies for Suicide Prevention Spend time with friends and family Spend time with friends and family Consider the role of spirituality in your life Consider the role of spirituality in your life Laugh, keep your sense of humor Laugh, keep your sense of humor Volunteer, you are needed Volunteer, you are needed Exercise regularly Exercise regularly Eat Right Eat Right

Goals What are some of your short term and long term goals? What are some of your short term and long term goals? At least 5 for each At least 5 for each How about a bucket list? Do you have one? What would you include on this list? How about a bucket list? Do you have one? What would you include on this list? At least 10 At least 10

Eating Disorders A mental disorder that reveals itself through abnormal behaviors related to food. Eating disorders are more than just food; they are about emotions, thoughts and attitudes

Body Image Body image is the perception a person has of his or her body appearance Body image is the perception a person has of his or her body appearance Dove Commercials Dove Commercials Evolution Evolution Evolution Beauty Pressure Beauty Pressure Beauty Pressure Beauty Pressure

Anorexia Nervosa A person with anorexia nervosa does not eat enough food to maintain a healthy weight. A person with anorexia nervosa does not eat enough food to maintain a healthy weight. Possible Causes Possible Causes Lack of chemical that regulates mood Lack of chemical that regulates mood Low self-esteem or desire to please others Low self-esteem or desire to please others History of troubled relationships History of troubled relationships

Anorexia Nervosa Symptoms include: Symptoms include: weight loss, slowed heart & breathing rates, dry skin, lowered body temperature, and growth of fine body hair. weight loss, slowed heart & breathing rates, dry skin, lowered body temperature, and growth of fine body hair. Loss of menstrual period in females. Loss of menstrual period in females. Health risks Health risks Starve to death Starve to death Lack of essential minerals can cause heart to stop Lack of essential minerals can cause heart to stop

Anorexia Nervosa: Treatment People with anorexia usually deny their problem and need encouragement to get help People with anorexia usually deny their problem and need encouragement to get help Doctors, nurses and dietitians work together to stop weight loss and change the person’s eating habits Doctors, nurses and dietitians work together to stop weight loss and change the person’s eating habits Mental health work to address underlying emotional problems Mental health work to address underlying emotional problems

Journal – Day 2 Would you consider plastic surgery or other drastic steps to enhance your appearance? Why or why not? Would you consider plastic surgery or other drastic steps to enhance your appearance? Why or why not? How do we(society) & you hinder or hurt others in relation to body image… ie: comments, stress importance of things How do we(society) & you hinder or hurt others in relation to body image… ie: comments, stress importance of things How can you/we help make our society’s body image better? What will YOU DO?! How can you/we help make our society’s body image better? What will YOU DO?!

Bulimia People who have bulimia go on uncontrolled eating binges followed by purging, or removing, the food from their bodies. They purge the food by making themselves vomit or by using laxatives. People who have bulimia go on uncontrolled eating binges followed by purging, or removing, the food from their bodies. They purge the food by making themselves vomit or by using laxatives. Most people with bulimia maintain their weight within their normal range Most people with bulimia maintain their weight within their normal range Possible causes: same as anorexia, plus Possible causes: same as anorexia, plus Purge because they feel better emotionally Purge because they feel better emotionally Purge because they are concerned about weight gain Purge because they are concerned about weight gain

Bulimia Possible signs of Bulimia Possible signs of Bulimia Unable to control eating binges Unable to control eating binges Eating too much food too quickly Eating too much food too quickly Eating in private Eating in private Cycles of weight gain and loss Cycles of weight gain and loss Bathroom visits right after eating Bathroom visits right after eating Hoarding or storing food Hoarding or storing food

Bulimia Health risks Health risks Dehydration, kidney damage, and lack of necessary vitamins and minerals Dehydration, kidney damage, and lack of necessary vitamins and minerals Stomach acid in vomit irritates the throat and erodes the enamel from teeth Stomach acid in vomit irritates the throat and erodes the enamel from teeth Depression and risk of suicide Depression and risk of suicide

Bulimia Treatment Treatment People with bulimia are aware of their problem, but are unable to control their behavior. Often ashamed to seek help. People with bulimia are aware of their problem, but are unable to control their behavior. Often ashamed to seek help. Mental health professionals, dentists, and team of doctors Mental health professionals, dentists, and team of doctors

Binge Eating Disorder An eating disorder in which a personal regularly has an uncontrollable urge to eat large amounts of food, but without purging An eating disorder in which a personal regularly has an uncontrollable urge to eat large amounts of food, but without purging People with binge eating disorder cannot stop eating even when they are full. People with binge eating disorder cannot stop eating even when they are full. They may intend to eat two slices of bread and end up eating the entire loaf of bread They may intend to eat two slices of bread and end up eating the entire loaf of bread

Binge Eating Disorder Possible Causes: Possible Causes: Eat to avoid dealing with difficult emotions, such as anger, or with stressful situations Eat to avoid dealing with difficult emotions, such as anger, or with stressful situations Use food to provide temporary relief Use food to provide temporary relief Binges can lead to depression and guilt Binges can lead to depression and guilt Health Risk: Health Risk: Excess weight gain & unhealthy dieting Excess weight gain & unhealthy dieting Greater risk for diabetes & high blood pressure Greater risk for diabetes & high blood pressure

Binge Eating Disorder Treatment Treatment Learn how to control their eating Learn how to control their eating Eat slowly and deliberately Eat slowly and deliberately Address underlying emotional issues Address underlying emotional issues

Eating Disorders and Sports Some athletes are at risk for an eating disorder because their sport has rules about weight or are based on body appearance Some athletes are at risk for an eating disorder because their sport has rules about weight or are based on body appearance Name some sports where athletes may be at risk for developing an eating disorder and Why? Name some sports where athletes may be at risk for developing an eating disorder and Why?

Body Dysmorphic Disorder A psychological condition in which a person’s dissatisfaction with how he or she looks consumes his or her daily life A psychological condition in which a person’s dissatisfaction with how he or she looks consumes his or her daily life