EXTERIORS FOR WOOD LIGHT FRAME CONSTRUCTION CHAPTER 6 EXTERIORS FOR WOOD LIGHT FRAME CONSTRUCTION

Sequence of Above Ground Structure Structural Framing & Sheathing Eaves & Rakes Roofing Finish; Edge, Felt, Shingles Exterior Openings & Siding then Interior Finishes

ROOF TERMINOLOGY Ridge Eave Rake

RAKE EDGE DETAILS - WITHOUT OVERHANG METAL DRIP EDGE RAKE BOARD SIDING

Rake Details with Overhang LOOKOUTS RAFTER

Eaves Details EAVE DETAILS SOFFIT WOOD METAL DRIP EDGE FASCIA METAL Horizontal Roof Edges PROVIDE AN “OVERHANG” KEEP WATER OFF SIDING REALIZE THE VOLUME OF WATER ALSO CAN PROVIDE “SHADE” Rakes Sloping Roof Edges AUTHOR SHOWS FLUSH W/ SIDING OFTEN AN OVERHANG TO PREVENT STAINING OVERHANG SUPPORTED BY “LOOKOUTS” Edge Details INSTALLED PRIOR TO ROOFING Fascia & Rack Boards Fascia @ Eaves Rake Boards @ Rakes Metal Drip Edges TO KEEP WATER OFF TRIM & SIDING SOFFIT WOOD METAL PLASTIC FASCIA GUTTER

ROOF DRAINAGE Purpose Remove water from the building without wetting the walls or splashing water at the bottom to cause erosion & discolor bottom of wall. Drainage “System” Gutters Downspouts Splash blocks Underground Piping Purpose??? REMOVE WATER W/O WETTING WALLS OR SPLASHING/EROSION AT THE GROUND CONCERN AT THE RAKES OR THE EAVES??? DRAINAGE “SYSTEM” FOLLOWING OFTEN USED TOGETHER Gutters COLLECT WATER RUN OFF ATTACHED AT FACE OF FASCIA MATERIAL - ALUM. OR PLASTIC (NOT WOOD) SLOPED TOWARD DOWNSPOUTS Downspouts METAL OR PLASTIC “TUBE” DEPOSITS H2O AT SPLASHBLOCK OR PIPE Splash blocks PLACED UNDER DOWNSPOUT - DIVERT H2O CONCRETE, PLASTIC Underground Piping UNDERGROUND DRY WELL OR OFTEN DEPOSIST AWAY FROM STRUCTURE

Gutter Downspout Materials - Typically Metal - alum., copper Plastic

Downspout connected to Underground Piping (Splash block also common)

ROOF VENTILATION Purpose Ventilate hot air from attic space Extend the Life of the Roofing Material Reduce Air Conditioning Costs Components Eave Ventilation Ridge Ventilation WHAT IS THE PURPOSE??? PREVENT ICE BUILD UP IN WINTER AND COOL ROOF IN SUMMER ALSO REQUIRED BY CODES HOW DO YOU ACCOMPLISH IT??? Eave Ventilation SCREENED VENTILATION STRIP OR PERFORATED SOFFIT Gable Vents VENTS AT THE GABLED ENDS OF THE ROOF STRUCTURE (UNDER THE RAKES) Ridge Vents CONTINUOUS METAL OR PLASTIC VENTS

ROOF VENTILATION Air Circulation TO RIDGE OR GABLE VENT SOFFIT VENT STRIP OR PERFORATED SOFFIT

Plastic Soffit - Perforated

Ridge Vent

ROOF SHEATHING “HELD BACK” TO ALLOW THE RIDGE TO BE VENTED

RIDGE VENT

GABLE VENT

ROOFING MATERIALS FOR SLOPING ROOFS Asphalt Shingles Wood ; shingles, split shakes Tile Slate Sheet Metal FOR FLAT OR LOW SLOPING ROOFS Built-up asphalt & felts Single Ply Modified WHAT KIND OF MATERIALS ARE USED FOR ROOFING? Asphalt Shingles MOST COMMON - WHY??? USUALLY THE MOST ECONOMICAL DIFFERENT COLORS & STYLES LAST 15 – 20+ YEARS DEPENDING ON “WEIGHT” APPLIED W/ “ROOFING” NAILS Wood (Shakes) DECAY RESISTANT WOOD CEDAR MOST COMMON Tile CLAY & CONCRETE LAST A LONG TIME - EXPENSIVE Sheet Metal OFTEN COATED Built-up ASPHALT FELTS ROLLED OUT IN ASPHALT NOT REAL COMMON BECAUSE MOST RESIDENTIAL ROOFS ARE SLOPED Single Ply SINGLE SHEET OF ELASTIC “MEMBRANE”

ASPHALT SHINGLES - (ARCHITECTURAL)

ASPHALT FELT

Asphalt Shingles - Packaged Roofing Felt Laid from the Eave up

Metal Shingles

METAL ROOFING

METAL ROOFING

TILE ROOFING

EXTRUDED CONCRETE ROOF TILES

SPLIT CEDAR SHAKES

SLATE ROOFING & COPPER FLASHING

SLATE WITH PREDRILLED HOLES

SINGLE MEMBRANE “MODIFIED” ROOF

“BUILT-UP” ASPHALT ROOF

OPENINGS IN EXTERIOR WALLS Windows and Doors Weather Stripping Flashing to expel water Production FACTORY - MANUFACTURED LOWER COST & HIGHER QUALITY MAY TAKE LONG LEAD TIME - EVEN STANDARD SIZES Thermal Transmission AROUND WINDOW FRAME (INSULATE/CAULK) INTERIOR GASKETS ON OPERABLE THROUGH GLAZING CONSIDERABLY MORE THAN “SIDING” Codes MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS ESTABLISHED

WINDOWS & DOOR – ROUGH OPENINGS

Sheathing Siding Interior Wall Board Header Header Flashing Door Frame Rough Opening

Rough Opening

HOUSE WRAP Installed Over Sheathing Inhibits Air Infiltration

Siding Siding Materials Wood Board Siding Plywood Sidings Shingle Sidings Metal & Plastic (Vinyl) Sidings Steel Stucco (& EIFS) Masonry Board Sidings HORIZONTALLY OR VERTIACCLY APPLIED TO STUDS CAN BE APPLIED OVER INSULATION BOARD FASTENERS - GALVANIZED, ALUMINUM, SS Plywood Sidings FASTER TO INSTALL OFTEN GROVED AND/OR TECTURED Z-FLASHING AT JOINTS Shingle Sidings REQUIRE A NAIL-BASE SHEATHING (& FELT) OFTEN CEDAR OR REDWOOD Metal & Plastic (Vinyl) Sidings IMITATE WOOD DON’T DECAY, SELDOM NEED REPAINTING DENT OR SHATTER, MELT, EXPANSION Stucco (& EIFS) STUCCO SELDOM USED – Generally EIFS Masonry

WOOD OR CEMENT BOARD SIDING

VINYL SHINGLE SIDING

Vinyl Siding

Rough Sawn Pine

EXTERIOR INSULATION & FINISH SYSTEM insulation board being attached to gypsum board sheathing

Exterior Insulation & Finish System Cementitious base coat being applied

EIFS Finish Coat Applied

BRICK VENEER

STONE VENEER

Paints & Coatings Paints Stains Varnishes Sealers

Coating Materials - Groups Water Based Commonly referred to as - Latex Cleanup w/ soap & water Solvent Based Commonly referred to as Oil based Cleanup w/ mineral spirits, turpentine

TYPES OF COATING MATERIALS Paints (Provide a solid surface coating) Flat, Semi-Gloss, & Gloss Latex & Enamel Stains (change color or color & coat)) Transparent to semi-transparent & solids Transparent - high vehicle and dye Semi-transparent; more pigment Clear Coatings (Protective transparent coating) Varnish, lacquers (use indoors) Sealers ; transparent and opaque