Classical Conditioning

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Presentation transcript:

Classical Conditioning Unit 7- Learning Lesson 1

Objectives Define learning and provide examples. Identify John B Watson, BF Skinner, and Ivan Pavlov. Describe and apply the components of classical conditioning.

Warm Up Identify some of the things you’ve learned in the past few months.

Learning Learning IS… A process leading to relatively permanent change in behavior. Learning is NOT… Reflex: Simple, unlearned behavior controlled by the ANS Instinct: Inborn, complex pattern of behavior of a species

Behaviorists John B. Watson Behaviorism BF Skinner Study of observable behaviors BF Skinner Behavior influenced by history of consequences

Behavioral Psychology Study of how our behavior results from stimuli in the environment and within ourselves. (Stimulus-Response Learning) Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning Cognitive or Social Learning

Think-Pair-Share “When I’m driving and see a stoplight turn red, I stop” Stimulus – red light Reaction – stop Write down three more conditioned responses you do on a daily basis. Phone rings, pick it up Bell rings, you switch classes Teacher asks ?, you raise hand

Classical Conditioning Stimulus in environment triggers response in subject. Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) Physiologist researching digestion in dogs

Activity PsychSim 4.0 “Classical Conditioning” This activity provides a review of Pavlov’s famous experiment on the salivary response in dogs, as well as the basic processes of classical conditioning: acquisition, generalization, discrimination training, and extinction. http://www.worthpublishers.com/kolb/content/psychsim/index.htm

Pavlov’s Experiment Before Conditioning (Pre-Learning) Ring tuning fork (NS)  No response from dog Food (UCS)  Dog salivates automatically (UCR) During Conditioning (Learning) Ring fork (NS)  Present food (UCS)  Salivation (UCR) After Conditioning (Post-Learning) Ring fork (CS)  Salivation (CR)

Think-Pair-Share What other conditioned stimuli may have existed in Pavlov’s experiment?

General Principles of C2 Acquisition Time period it takes for NS to be associated with UCS Generalization Stimuli similar to CS cause CR Discrimination Distinguishing between different stimuli Extinction Disappearance of CR to CS Spontaneous Recovery Previously extinguished CR returns suddenly

Eye Blink Experiment UCS – puff of air in eye UCR – blink NS – tone CS – tone CR – blink

Emotional Conditioning John B. Watson Prove human emotional reaction was result of conditioning Fear, rage, sadness Little Albert http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-8331168072486928717&q=Classical+Conditioning&hl=en

Albert Activity Set up experimental design. Give examples of generalization in experiment. Cite criticisms of experiment Identify ways researchers could help Albert get over his fears.

Albert Answers Before: Rat  No Response Loud noise  Fear During: Rat  Noise  Fear After: Rat  Fear Generalization: Rabbit Fur Coat Criticisms: Screwed up kid Didn’t fix him

Albert Answers Fixing Albert’s Fears Counter Conditioning: pleasant stimulus presented with fear object, re-condition Systematic Desensitization: gradually exposed to fear-evoking stimuli in pleasant circumstance Flooding: exposed to fear stimulus until response extinguished

Other Examples Associate song with relationship…break up, song makes you sad Associate smells Taste Aversion – Got sick eating spaghetti, can’t eat it anymore