 Homework check  Sentence fragments vs. complete sentences  Literary terms introduction  Focus on metaphor - Pacing the Cage  Dear RND assignment  Sentence fragments

 Each of the following is a sentence fragment. Make it a complete sentence. 1. Which is interesting.6. In terms of summer. 2. To go to work.7. During rush hour. 3. Easy to find.8. So that I could go. 4. Although it is difficult.9. When I got there. 5. While living there.10. Because I was sure.

We will be using these literary terms throughout the semester. “Language is power, life and the instrument of culture, the instrument of domination and liberation.” - Angela Carter

 Used to convey a new idea by using the blueprint of an old one as a basis for understanding.  Example: In the same way as one cannot have the rainbow without the rain, one cannot achieve success and riches without hard work.

 Words or phrases that appeal to one or more of the five senses.  Writers use imagery to describe how their subjects look, sound, feel, taste, and smell.  Example: The gushing brook stole its way down the lush green mountains, dotted with tiny flowers in a riot of colors and trees coming alive with gaily chirping birds.

 A sharp incongruity that goes beyond the simple and evident intention of words or actions  Example: Sarcasm  I have just the best luck!  Can occur when the outcome of a situation is the opposite of what is expected

Mood, or atmosphere, is the feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage. Writers use many devices to create mood, including images, dialogue, setting, and plot. Often, a writer creates a mood at the beginning of a work and then sustains the mood throughout. Sometimes, however, the mood of the work changes dramatically.

 The base topic or focus that acts as a foundation for the entire literary piece  Links all aspects of the literary work with one another  The theme may be stated directly; more often presented indirectly  More often, the reader must figure out the theme by looking carefully at the work  Example: The main theme in the play Romeo and Juliet was love with smaller themes of sacrifice, tragedy, struggle, hardship, devotion and so on.

 A reflection of a writer’s or speaker’s attitude  Communicated through words and details that express particular emotions and that evoke and emotional response from the reader  Example: In her Harry Potter series, author J.K. Rowling has taken an extremely positive, inspiring and uplifting tone towards the idea of love and devotion.

 Compares seemingly unlike things  Uses the words like or as  Example: Her voice was like nails on a chalkboard.  Can you think of other similes?

 Compares or equates two or more things  Does NOT use like or as  Example: Life is a bowl of cherries.  Note: Forrest Gump says, “Life is like a box of chocolates…” This is a simile!

 A combination of seemingly contradictory words  Examples:  Same difference Pretty ugly Roaring silence A cold fire in his eyes Jumbo shrimp

 A figure of speech in which an animal, object, force of nature, or idea is given human qualities or characteristics.  Example: Tears began to fall from the dark clouds.  i.e. Rain is given a human quality (tears) in order to express the drama of the situation

 The repetition of sounds, most often consonant sounds, at the beginning of words. Alliteration gives emphasis to words.  Example: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers

F OCUS ON M ETAPHOR "The greatest thing by far is to be a master of metaphor. This alone cannot be imparted by another; it is the mark of genius, for to make good metaphors implies an eye for resemblance.“ - Aristotle ( Poetics ) “Metaphorically speaking” videoclip

“P ACING THE C AGE ” BY B RUCE C OCKBURN Sunset is an angel weeping Holding out a bloody sword No matter how I squint I cannot Make out what it's pointing toward Sometimes you feel like you live too long Days drip slowly on the page You catch yourself Pacing the cage I've proven who I am so many times The magnetic strip's worn thin And each time I was someone else And every one was taken in Powers chatter in high places Stir up eddies in the dust of rage Set me to pacing the cage I never knew what you all wanted So I gave you everything All that I could pillage All the spells that I could sing It's as if the thing were written In the constitution of the age Sooner or later you'll wind up Pacing the cage Sometimes the best map will not guide you You can't see what's round the bend Sometimes the road leads through dark places Sometimes the darkness is your friend Today these eyes scan bleached-out land For the coming of the outbound stage Pacing the cage Pacing the cage

P ACING THE C AGE – Q UESTIONS 1. Identify at least two literary devices used in the lyrics of “Pacing the Cage” (e.g. imagery, alliteration, etc.). Cite the specific lines where these literary devices are used. 2. Identify at least two examples of metaphors that are used in the lyrics of the song. 3. What could “the cage” represent? 4. Are there any sentiments expressed within the lyrics of the song to which you can relate? Explain.

D EAR RND One-page letter Must begin with “Dear RND”, date in top right corner Three paragraphs Introduction Body – what are your hopes, dreams, etc.? Conclusion Use a minimum of four literary devices Typed, 1.5 spaced Times New Roman or Calibri font