Cell Organelles Eukaryotic Cells

Cell Parts Cells – the basic unit of life Organelles - small structures inside a cell with specific functions. Analogy – City of Rocklin

Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane Analogy – Rocklin city limits 1.Function: Regulates materials entering and exiting the cell. 2.Structure: Two layers of phospholipids, proteins Cell membrane

Cytoplasm 1.Function:The fluid that all the organelles float in. 2.Structure: made up of fluid and organelles except for nucleus Analogy – All air, water, life that are in Rocklin, except City Hall Cytoplasm

Nucleus 1.Function: “Control Center.”Stores DNA 2.Structure: membrane bound Analogy – City Hall Nucleus

Nuclear Envelope Analogy – Walls & Doors of City Hall 1.Function: Regulates what enters or exits the nucleus. 2.Structure: Double Layer of Lipids Nuclear Envelope

Nucleolus Analogy – The Mayor 1.Function: Produces ribosomes 2.Structure: Inside Nucleus, separate from DNA Nucleolus

Endoplasmic Reticulum Analogy – Roads & Sidewalks 1.Function: Transports proteins a.Rough ER: has ribosomes b.Smooth ER: no ribosomes 2.Structure: tubes and channels Rough ER Smooth ER

Ribosomes Analogy – Restaurants, Factories, Builders. 1.Function: Makes proteins. 2.Structure: small circular organelles Ribosomes Free Ribosomes

Vacuoles & Vesicles Analogy – Grocery stores, water tanks. 1.Function: Storage for water, nutrients or waste. 2.Structure: small membrane-bound organelle. Vesicles

Lysosomes Analogy – Recycling center 1.Function: packets of enzymes that break down materials in a cell. 2.Structure: Small membrane-bound organelles Lysosomes

Mitochondria Analogy – PG&E 1.Function: Produce energy for the cell – site of cellular respiration. “The Powerhouse” 2.Structure: Double membrane-bound, kidney shaped. Mitochondria

Golgi Apparatus Analogy – Post Office 1.Function: Packages, labels and ships proteins out of the cell. 2.Structure: Pancake-shaped layered organelle Golgi Apparatus

Cytoskeleton Analogy – Wood, cement, steel beams 1.Function: Provide support and structure for the cell. a. Microfilaments b. Microtubules 2.Structure: Tubules Microfilaments Microtubules

Centrioles (Animals Only) Analogy – Rocklin High School vs. Whitney High School 1.Function: microtubules that help divide the cell during cell division. Structure: Tubules Centrioles

Chromatin (DNA) The genetic material within the cell

Cilia & Flagella Analogy – Cars or bicycles. 1.Function: provides movement for the cell or objects moving by the cell. 2.Structure: a. Flagella – 1 long fiber b. Cilia – many short fibers Flagella Cilia

Chloroplasts (Plants only) Analogy – Solar Panels 1.Function: site of photosynthesis (converting sun and CO2 into sugar). 2.Structure: Membrane bound organelles that contain chlorophyll Chloroplasts

Cell Wall (Plant cells only) Analogy – ground, rock wall 1.Function: Provides support for the cell and the plant. 2.Structure: Made of cellulose Cell Wall

Cell Parts Analogy Create an analogy (besides the city analogy) for the cell and its parts Possible ideas: –Stadium –School –Country –Restaurant –House –Mall –Waterpark

Stadium Example: Cell membrane: wall of stadium, gates Cytoplasm: everything inside the stadium. Nucleus: the control room for the stadium. Etc…