Today in Health Life Expectancy Turn in Extra Credit POLR Examples Quiz/Grade Start Mental/Emotional Health Characteristics of a Mentally Healthy Person Computer Lab: Mission Statement

Mental & Emotional Health Health Education Bondi

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Least Most 1. Put in Order: most “mentally healthy” to least on Continuum 2. 3 Adjectives or Characteristics of Mentally Healthy/Unhealthy *PUT THE ADJECTIVES NOT THE PEOPLE ON YOUR TOP 3 LIST

Normality??? Definition? Characteristics?

Mental Health: the ability to accept yourself and others, adapt to and manage emotions, and deal with the demands and challenges you meet in life. Positive Self-Esteem Sense of Belonging Sense of Purpose Positive Outlook Autonomy

Group Activity 1). Discuss which characteristics are difficult to control? Why? Rate 1-10(10 Hardest)? 2) Either provide example(s) of each or non- example (counter example…) 3) You will be given one characteristic (self esteem, purpose, etc.) as a group you will have to provide 3 ways you can improve the characteristic I give you group (and share this with the class).

Self-Esteem and Self-Image (the bread and butter of mental health…..) Changes that took place in Amy good or bad changes? The value related to self-esteem Should people be allowed to get plastic surgery?

Today….. Mission Statement Due Pass Back Papers (Codes): Share What you Want with Whom Pass Back Papers (Codes): First Grade Update Extreme Makeover Applicability to Characteristics Stepping stone to today Today…Greatest Health Psychology Theory Ever????? At least the most widely known. MASLOW’S HIERARCHY

“What is necessary to change a person is to change his awareness of himself.” Abraham Maslow

I’m like a turtle because… What makes me different than a turtle is probably…

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Essential Questions How is Maslow’s Hierarchy like baseball? What are some reasons why Maslow would have studied this topic? Why do you feel Maslow thought that only 2% of people reach self-actualization? What are at least 3 health behaviors that could prevent you from hitting a home run? What is the relationship between Maslow’s hierarchy and addiction?

The real tragedy is the tragedy of the man who never in his life braces himself for his one supreme effort-he never stretches to his full capacity, never stands up to his full stature. -Arnold Bennett

Mini-Xtra Credit Opportunity 1st Team that correctly: Draws and Labels Maslows Hierarchy including 1 Picture and /or example for each level

Self-Image Vs. Self-Esteem

Today….. Mission Statements Due Research on goals… take a couple minutes and… share WHAT you want with WHO you want Today # Start Stress Mini Unit: Tomorrow: Speaker (NAMI of DuPage) Definition of Stigma?

S T R E S S and You

The Least You Need to Know: Stress 101 (Definitions): (Stress, Stressor, Eustress vs. Distress, Homeostasis) 2. The Purpose of Stress: Stress Response (3 Stages of GAS) 3. Stress and Personality (Type A versus Type B) 4. Stress and Your Body (Disease & Psychosomatic Illnesses) 5. Basic Stress Management Strategies (Group Presentations)

Who Has the Most Stress? K T A E M Put in Order on the Continuum Least Most Put in Order on the Continuum K-Kids (0-11) T-Teens (12-18) A-Adults (18-40) M-Mid-Adults (40-60) E-Elderly (60 +)

Health Update Feedback on Speakers (NAMI) Intro to Stress Extra Credit for this Week: Page 22 Intro to Stress Blind Man & Elephant I Eustress/Distress Stress Inventory Hand Back Mission Statements Grade Update Friday: Computer Lab Stress Management Technique Presentations

The Blind Men and the Elephant I

What exactly is stress? Is this stress?

Stress Defined:

STRESS 101 Stress: Body and mind’s reaction to challenging events in life. Causes of Stress = Stressors Is all stress bad? “Bad Stress” (Distress) vs. Good Stress (Eustress)

Do all equate to the same level(s) of stress? Causes of Stress Major Life Changes Everyday Problems Surroundings 1. 2. 3. Do all equate to the same level(s) of stress?

Holmes-Rahe Stress Test

Review:

A Good Question? What should you feel like? MENTALLY . HOMEOSTASIS: PHYSICALLY Harmonious Internal Environment Or When all your body’s systems are functioning smoothly and your mind is at ease.

Early Warning Signs of Stress Physical Emotional Behavioral

Have you ever wondered what is the purpose of stress?

Review:

HUMAN HISTORY Years Ago Homo Tools 2,500,000 H. habilis Regular Hunting 1,500,000 H. erectus Control of Fire 500,000 H. erectus Agriculture 10,000 H. sapiens First Cities 7,000 H. sapiens Industrial revolution 200 H. sapiens Technological revolution 20 H. sapiens

It wasn’t all that long ago….

Fight-or-Flight Response Things you only see in movies….

Physiological Adaptations THE STRESS RESPONSE Physiological Adaptations Heart Rate Blood Pressure Respiration Constriction of arteries of skin Fibrinogen Glucose and fatty acids for energy Endorphins Blood Flow To Muscles

Physical Response to Stressors = Fight-or-Flight Reaction Endocrine system = system of glands, tissues, and cells that secrete hormones into the bloodstream; influences metabolism and body processes Key chemical messengers during the stress response Norepinephrine = neurotransmitter released by the sympathetic division to increase body functions; increases attention, awareness, alertness Epinephrine = hormone secreted by the inner core of the adrenal gland Cortisol = steroid hormone secreted by the outer layer of the adrenal gland Endorphin = brain secretions that have pain-inhibiting effects

THE STRESS RESPONSE Perception of Persistent Danger Hypothalamus Pituitary Gland Releases - ACTH Adrenal Cortex Cortisol (stress hormone)

Physiological Adaptations THE STRESS RESPONSE Physiological Adaptations Activity and Alertness Hunger Fat and Glucose Storage Immune Function

THE STRESS RESPONSE “Is what empowers us to handle and adapt to changes in our environment. Even if we perceive these changes as stressful, the intricate, elegant system…exists for the very purpose of helping us cope.” Bruce McEwen, The End Of Stress As We Know It

THE STRESS RESPONSE “Whether we need to fight, stand firm, bolt to safety, or concentrate on a task at hand, the stress response provides the tools – energy, oxygen, muscle power, fuel, pain resistance, mental acuity and a temporary bulwark against infection.”

WHY ZEBRAS DON’T GET ULCERS “A zebra’s stress response kicks in when the zebra is chased by a lion; when the zebra escapes, the stress response shuts off. In between predation attempts the zebra is at ease. It doesn’t flood itself with stress hormones wondering when the next lion is going to show up” Robert Sapolsky

…AND WHY HUMANS DO “The human mind is so powerful, the connections between perception and physiological response so strong, that we can set off the fight-or-flight response by just imagining ourselves in a threatening situation.” The End of Stress

THE STRESS RESPONSE Then: Preparation for fight or flight or environmental challenge Response to physical stress: animals, rock slides, famine, drought, etc. Most stress limited in time

THE STRESS RESPONSE Now: Most danger is not physical Response to emotional conflicts: work, finances, bureaucracy, noise, isolation Ongoing, chronic stress

Review………………..Preview Warning Signs Why zebras don’t get ulcers F or Flight Stress: Then versus Now Changes that occur General Adaptation Syndrome

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Overview of This Week Overview Thursday Thru the End of Quarter: ATOD Drug Fair Questions ? Fact Sheets Due Thursday Everybody Expected To Go Next Monday NO AV available (Bring Own if needed) This Week…. Today: Stress AND Personality Mini-Assignment : Pressure Quote Tuesday: Depression Wednesday: Quiz Thursday Thru the End of Quarter: ATOD

General Adaptation Syndrome Alarm Reaction -Homeostasis Disrupted -Fight or Flight Response occurs (Adrenaline) -Geared up to deal with a crisis/protection Stage of Resistance -Continued stress…. -Coping with ^ Demands -Body/Mind Operating ^ Normal level Stage of Exhaustion -CHRONIC Stress / Repeated exposure - Resistance declines -Body has run out of reserves

Chronic Elevation of Stress Hormones STRESS & DISEASE Chronic Elevation of Stress Hormones Blood pressure Cholesterol Atherosclerosis Blood clotting Heart attack Suppresses the immune system

Chronic Elevation of Cortisol STRESS & DISEASE Chronic Elevation of Cortisol Immune system suppression Insulin resistance Loss of bone minerals Loss of muscle protein Atrophy of brain cells

STRESS & DISEASE “Between 60 and 90% of all our population’s visits to doctor’s offices are stress-related and probably cannot be detected, much less treated effectively, with the medications and procedures on which the medical profession relies almost exclusively.” Dr. Herbert Benson, Timeless Healing

STRESS & DISEASE “Distorting this process to the point where it causes harm is a comparatively recent development in the history of life on this planet. It is a uniquely human problem in which our thoughts and emotions exert a powerful influence for good or bad.”

PSYCHO SOMA TIC illnesses Heart Disease High Blood Pressure Acid Reflux Ulcers Asthma Attacks Common Cold? …………………………………………………Decreased Immunity

What do you mean there is no such thing as stress?

Overview of This Week Overview Thursday Thru the End of Quarter: ATOD Drug Fair Questions ? Fact Sheets Due Thursday Everybody Expected To Go Next Monday NO AV available (Bring Own if needed) This Week…. Today: Stress AND Personality Mini-Assignment : Pressure Quote Tuesday: Depression Wednesday: Quiz Thursday Thru the End of Quarter: ATOD

How Can Two People View a Situation Differently? WW You D:

Stress & Personality Type A Type B Perfectionism Negative Thinking Hardiness (Resiliency)

Type A vs Type B Type A Type B Generally lives at a higher stress level and typically: They enjoy achievement of goals (thus constantly working hard to achieve these). They find it difficult to stop, even when they have achieved goals. They feel the pressure of time, constantly working flat out. They are highly competitive and will, if necessary create competition. They hate failure and will work hard to avoid it. They are generally pretty fit and often well-educated (a result of their anxiety). Type B The Type B personality generally lives at a lower stress level typically: They work steadily, enjoying achievements but not becoming stressed when they are not achieved. When faced with competition, they do not mind losing and either enjoy the game or back down. They may be creative and enjoy exploring ideas and concepts. They are often reflective, thinking about the outer and inner worlds.

Resiliency Resiliency is the ability to spring back from and successfully adapt to adversity. Generally, building resiliency involves doing two difficult things simultaneously in a stressful situation: self-soothing and self-confronting. Self-soothing is taking deliberate steps to calm oneself while facing a stressful situation. Self-Confronting-The idea here is to ask yourself why you are upset and learn what this tells you about yourself.

Group Activity: Describe 2 Famous People that you feel fit the criteria of: Type A Type B Resiliency

The Big Two Questions Which is Better? TRICK Question: Who Has More Stress …. Type A or Type B? Can you change your personality?

What do you mean there is no such thing as stress?

What Do You See?

Back by Popular Demand….

Food for Thought: Stress is a perspective, not an activity Food for Thought: Stress is a perspective, not an activity. It can be caused by any experience, because stress itself is neutral.

The Blind Man and the Elephant II

Perspective for Your Parents A father passing by Vishal’s bedroom was astonished to see that his bed was nicely made and everything was picked up. Then he saw an envelope, propped up prominently on the pillow that was addressed to "Dad.“ With the worst premonition he opened the envelope with trembling hands and read the letter.

It is with great regret and sorrow that I'm writing you It is with great regret and sorrow that I'm writing you. I had to elope with my new girlfriend because I wanted to avoid a scene with mom and you. I have been finding real passion with Stacy and she is so nice. But I knew you would not approve of her because of all her piercings’, and tattoos, and tight motorcycle clothes and the fact that she is much older than I am. But it's not only the passion...Dad, she's pregnant. Stacy said that we will be very happy.

She owns a trailer in the woods and has a stack of firewood for the whole winter. We share a dream of having many more children. Stacy has opened my eyes to the fact that marijuana doesn't really hurt anyone. We'll be growing it for ourselves and trading it with the other people that live nearby for cocaine and ecstasy. In the meantime we will pray that science will find a cure for AIDS so Stacy can get better. She deserves it. Don't worry Dad. I'm 15 and I know how to take care of myself. Someday I'm sure that we will be back to visit so that you can get to know your grandchildren. Love, Your Son Vishal

Dad, none of the above is true. I'm over at Tommy's house Dad, none of the above is true. I'm over at Tommy's house. I just wanted to remind you that there are worse things in life than the report card that's in my center desk drawer. I love you. Call me when it's safe to come home. P.S.

“PRESSURE is what happens to you, STRESS is how you react to these pressures.” Mini-Assignment ½ page to a page reaction Explain quote Use examples from your own experiences Discuss the concept of perception.

What Are Our Goals? Limit NOT Eliminate stress Use stress in a positive way Use it to improve our performance Those who get stressed easily… Try asking the 3 Questions: 1. Is this important? Does this really matter? 2. Is it reasonable for me to be angry? 3. Can I modify or change the situation?

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STRESS “MANAGEMENT” Sleep, Physical Activity, Nutrition, Relaxation Meditation, Yoga, Tai Chi, Family, Friends, Community = Support System Don’t Underestimate humor Sense of Control / Perception MUST HAVE AN OUTLET!

Overview of This Week Overview End of Quarter….: ATOD Drug Fair Questions ? Everybody Expected To Go Next Wednesday NO AV available (Bring Own if needed) This Week…. Today: Finish Mental/Emotional Health Unit You’ll decide on Quiz End of Quarter….: ATOD

Stress Continuum Not Enough Optimal Too Much Boredom Insomnia Lack of Impaired motivation memory Negativity Poor judgement

How are stress and depression related?

The Least You Need To Know: Define Depression Warning Signs/ Symptoms Reactive vs. Major Depression Define Stigma Suicide general:

One in four women and one in six men will suffer from depression at some point in their lives.

Depression: Defining a Construct Prolonged Feelings of: Hopelessness Helpless Sadness Guilt Take the Quiz!

Some Depression is “Normal” What’s Normal? Reactive vs. Major Depression Time Frame/Impact on Your Life The key difference between depressed moods and serious depression is the length of symptoms.

Causes of Depression Depression has no single cause; often, results from a combination of: Family history Trauma and stress Pessimistic personality Physical conditions Other psychological disorders.

What is the Relationship between Drug use and depression? Depression and recreational drug use are both common and can occur together purely by chance as individual problems.

More often, however, there is an interaction between the two and this can take several forms: a person may be suffering from depressive symptoms and take drugs in the hope of gaining some relief. depressive symptoms may develop as a direct result of taking drugs, or as part of withdrawal symptoms when drug-taking stops. (Low mood in withdrawal may be brief and self-limiting, but sometimes it can lead to a serious, prolonged depressive illness.) a person may take drugs to 'escape' from a problem during a particularly stressful time in their life; this stress may also be the trigger for an episode of depression. heavy drug use can lead to major financial problems, difficulties with relationships or trouble with the law. A person taking recreational drugs is likely to have more of these pressures, which may trigger depression. people who are depressed may use recreational drugs in an attempt to end their life. drug use is particularly common in other psychiatric illnesses

Depression: A Brain and Body Disease Depression Is a Multisymptom Disorder With High Direct and Indirect Costs U.S. Cost in 2006 – $50 Billion Depression: A Brain and Body Disease Depression increases chance of dying from heart attack Depression increases chance of stroke, diabetes, osteoporosis Treating depression helps control diabetes Source: Glass RM. Awareness about depression: Important for all physicians. JAMA. 2003:289:3169-3170.

Success in Treating Depression Exceeds Success in Understanding It Specific Biomarkers and Tests for Depression Do Not Currently Exist We don’t know Specific gene(s) causing depression How nerves affect moods How stress changes brain and body function We do know 70% of treated patients see symptoms decrease by 50% Medications boost chemical neurotransmitters Psychotherapy can be effective Source: Insel TR, Charney DS. Research on major depression: Strategies and priorities. JAMA. 2003;289:3167-3168.

Neuroscience and Depression

Intermission: A Well Needed Joke

Failure to Identify and Treat Depression is Often Fatal Depression and Suicide 1999: 30,000 suicides (2X homicides) 90% of suicides were associated with mental illness, usually depression 75% of successful suicides on a repeat attempt occurred in patients receiving NO mental health therapy Patients With Depression Only 25% receive appropriate therapy Source: Glass RM. Awareness about depression: Important for all physicians. JAMA. 2003:289:3169-3170.

The Best Treatment…? The benefits of exercise for depression and anxiety: Confidence. Distraction. Interactions. Healthy coping. Literally Changes Brain Chemistry Increase in NT’s including Serotonin Increase in Neuro-tropins (Fertilizer for the brain) Increase in New Cell Growth Even better than Medicine!!!!!!!!!!!

Stigma is….. All unfavorable attitudes, beliefs, and policies directed toward people as well as toward their significant others and loved ones, close associates, social groups, and communities. Mental Illness Addiction HIV/AIDS Sexual Identity

A _________ solution to a __________ problem. Suicide A _________ solution to a __________ problem.

Where can you go for help? Parents Social Workers Religious Leaders Guidance Couns. Teachers Friends http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/depresfact.cfm

How is Life Like Fishing?

Describe a time when you needed help? How did you feel when you needed help? Who helped you? How did it make you feel?

This Week in Health Quiz Wednesday Look Over Review Presentations Monday/Tuesday 1 Rubric AV Mute Volume (if Needed) Order (who cannot go?) Quiz Wednesday Look Over Review Computer Lab Thursday

Advanced Health Feedback on Graded Discussion Friday Course Update: Mine/You Feedback? Grades Continually Updated 3rd Quarter Project? Don’t Worry about Write Up Yet… This Week Graded Discussion: Med. Marijuana Computer Lab: W-F

1-5. 5 Character. of a Mentally Healthy Person 6-10. Maslow’s Hierarchy 11-12. Good stress/Bad stress: word/term 13-15. 3 stages of stress in order (circle F/F) 16. 3 changes that take place during F/F 17. Define Homeostasis-give an example. 18-19. Why do zebras not get ulcers? 20-21. Word to describe physical ill. related to stress and 1 ex. 22. One word description of the Blind Men & Elephant 23. 2 adjectives describe Type A 24 2 adjectives describe Type B 25. Who has more stress Type A or Type B? 26. Difference between reactive and major depression. 27. 2 Warning Signs of Depression. 28. Define Stigma 29. Suicide is a __________ solution to a _________ problem. 30. What are three places to get help in school?

US Preventive Services Task Force Depression Is Significantly Underdiagnosed but Relatively Easy to Screen US Preventive Services Task Force 2-Question Screen 1. During the past 2 weeks, have you felt down, depressed, or hopeless? 2. During the past 2 weeks, have you felt little interest or pleasure in doing things? Sources: Glass RM. Awareness about depression: Important for all physicians. JAMA. 2003:289:3169-3170. Insel TR, Charney DS. Research on major depression: Strategies and priorities. JAMA. 2003;289:3167-3168.