Microprocessor (Microcontroller) Overview

Books Microcontroller 8051 Publisher: Baghani Pub.Date: 1380 Author: Mohammad ali Mazidi Jonis Glispi Mazidi Latest Version:Second Edition, 2005 The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C. Author : Mazidi & Mckinlay URL:

Books The 8051 Microcontroller Hardcover: 560 pages Publisher: Prentice Hall; 4 edition (July 23, 2006) Prentice Hall; 4 edition (July 23, 2006) Publisher: Baghani Pub.Date: 1380 Publishing Turn: 5 Edition Turn: 3 ISBN: Pages: 383 Author: Iscott Makenzi Translator: Rezaei Nia,Darbandi Azar Translator: Rezaei Nia,Darbandi Azar

Reference Books 1. Kenneth J. Ayala, “ The 8051 Microcontroller – Architecture, Programming & Applications ”, 2nd Edition, 2. James W. Stewart, “The 8051 Microcontroller – Hardware, Software and Interfacing”, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 3. Thomas W. Schultz “C And The 8051”, 2009 Books List

8051 Microcontrollers An Applications-Based Introduction David Calcutt, Fred Cowan, Hassan Parchizadeh Embedded Controller Hardware Design by Ken Arnold

Other references 1. Keil Cx51 Compiler Refrence 2. MCS51 Microcontroller family user’s Manual, Intel press. 3. Atmel 8051 Microcontrollers Hardware Manual Instruction Set Manual Development Tools Architecture Reference v microcontroller project : development tools :

Software IDE: –SIDE SIDE –Keil Editors –UltraEdit,TextPad,VI, Notepad Compiler –asem5113 asem5113 –SDCC –Keil C Compiler Simulator –Proteus 7 Professional –JSIM-51 JSIM-51 –Emulator 8051 Emulator 8051Emulator 8051Others –C & java compilers –Basice compiler.

Microcomputers and Microprocessors Chapter 1 The 8051 Microcontrollers

Outlines Compare microprocessors & microcontrollers –Advantages of microcontrollers –Embedded systems Choose a microcontroller –Speed, packaging, memory & cost per unit Various members of 8051 family Various manufacturers of 8051

Microcontroller vs. Microprocessors 1.A smaller computer 2.On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports... 3.Example ： Motorola’s 6811, Intel’s 8051, Zilog’s Z8 and PIC 1.CPU for Computers 2.No RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself 3.Example ： Intel’s x86, Motorola’s 680x0

Microcontroller vs. Microprocessors Microprocessor 1. CPU is stand-alone, RAM, ROM, I/O, timer are separate 2. designer can decide on the amount of ROM, RAM and I/O ports. 3. expansive 4. versatility 5. general-purpose Microcontroller 1. CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and timer are all on a single chip 2. fix amount of on-chip ROM, RAM, I/O ports 3. for applications in which cost, power and space are critical 4. single-purpose

Applications –uCs are suitable to control of I/O devices in designs requiring a minimum component –uPs are suitable to processing information in computer systems. uP vs. uC – cont.

uC is easy to use and design. uC is easy to use and design. – Only single chip can be a complete system – interfacing to other devices, for example, motors, displays, sensors, and communicate with PC. for example, motors, displays, sensors, and communicate with PC. In contrast, similar system that builds from In contrast, similar system that builds from uP would require a lot of additional units, – such as RAM, UART, I/O, TIMER and etc.

Embedded Computing Systems Use a microprocessor or microcontroller to do one task only –Printer PC used for any number of applications –Word processor, print-server, bank teller terminal, video game player, network server, internet terminal PC contains or is connected to various embedded products –Keyboard, printer, modem, disk controller, sound card, CD-ROM driver, mouse X86 PC embedded applications High-end Embedded Processor

Microcontroller types The predominant family of microcontrollers are 8-bit The predominant family of microcontrollers are 8-bit most manufacturers provide a family of devices most manufacturers provide a family of devices The Philips products are identified bythe numbering system: 8XCXXX The Philips products are identified bythe numbering system: 8XCXXX 0 for a ROMless device 0 for a ROMless device 3 for a device with ROM 3 for a device with ROM 7 for a device with EPROM/OTP (one time programmable) 7 for a device with EPROM/OTP (one time programmable) 9 or a device with FEEPROM (flash). 9 or a device with FEEPROM (flash).

Embedded Products Using Microcontrollers Home –Appliances, intercom, telephones, security systems, garage door openers, answering machines, fax machines, home computers, TVs, cable TV tuner, VCR, camcorder, remote controls, video games, cellular phones, musical instruments, sewing machines, lighting control, paging, camera, pinball machines, toys, exercise equipment

Embedded Products Using Microcontrollers Office –Telephones, computers, security systems, fax machines, microwave, copier, laser printer, color printer, paging

Embedded Products Using Microcontrollers Auto –Trip computer, engine control, air bag, ABS, instrumentation, security system, transmission control, entertainment, climate control, cellular phone, keyless entry

Choosing A Microcontroller Computing needs –Speed, packaging, power consumption, RAM, ROM, I/O pins, timers, upgrade to high performance or low-power versions, cost Software development tools –Assembler, debugger, C compiler, emulator, technical support Availability & source

Types of microcontrollers ▪ ARM core processors (many vendors) ▪ includes ARM9, ARM Cortex-A8, Sitara ARM Microprocessor ▪ Atmel AVR (8-bit), AVR32 (32-bit), and AT91SAM (32-bit) ▪ Cypress Semiconductor's M8C Core used in their PSoC ▪ Freescale ColdFire (32-bit) and S08 (8-bit) ▪ Freescale 68HC11 (8-bit) ▪ Intel 8051 ▪ Infineon: 8, 16, 32 Bit microcontrollers[9] ▪ MIPS ▪ Microchip Technology PIC, ▪ NXP Semiconductors LPC1000, LPC2000, LPC3000, LPC4000 ▪ Parallax Propeller ▪ PowerPC ISE ▪ Rabbit 2000 (8-bit) ▪ Silicon Laboratories Pipelined 8-bit 8051 Microcontrollers and … ▪ Texas Instruments TI MSP430 (16-bit) ▪ Toshiba TLCS-870 (8-bit/16-bit).

Companies Producing 8051 Table 1-2:Some Companies Producing a Member of the 8051 Family Company Web Site Intelwww.intel.com/design/mcs51 Atmelwww.atmel.com Philips/Signeticswww.semiconductors.philips.com Siemenswww.sci.siemens.com Dallas Semiconductor

Atmel Atmel offers a broad range of microcontrollers based on the 8051 architecture ranging 1.code density from 2K bytes to 128K bytes. 2.based on the powerful, low-power Single-Cycle AT89LP core as well as MCS-51® industry 3.footprint 14/16/20/28-pin derivatives, 4.all manufactured in advanced Flash technologies 5.Most members in this product line include ISP (In-System Programming) capability, 6.CAN Networking 7.Smart Card Readers 8.USB Applications

Inside 8051 Microcontroller Introduced by Intel in 1981

Organization: von Neumann vs. Harvard ROMRAM Data bus Data bus Address bus Address bus Control bus Control bus

8051 Family Table 1-4:Comparison of 8051 Family Members Feature ROM (on chip program space in bytes) 4K8k 0k 0k RAM (bytes) Timers232 I/O pins Serial port 111 Interrupt sources 686

Various 8051 Microcontrollers 8751 microcontroller –UV-EPROM AT89C51 from Atmel Corporation –Flash (erase before write) DS5000 from Dallas Semiconductor –NV-RAM (changed one byte at a time), RTC (real-time clock) OTP (one-time-programmable) version of family from Philips –AD, DA, extended I/O, OTP and flash