IFST Food Auditing Conference Why Are We Where We Are? The Origins and Development of Third Party Verification Kevin Swoffer KPS Resources

Nat and the Stones Marks & Spencer Food Division founded in 1948 Directive of Work dated 1st November 1948 listed; Control of raw materials Specifications for use of raw materials Inspection of finished products including production Source: Thought for Food, Food Trade Press ISBN:0900379359

The Rationale For The Development of Retailer Brand Standards to assure product safety to provide brand protection to meet legislative requirements to promote business improvement and efficiency to promote consumer confidence

Food Safety Act 1990 Under section 21 of the FSA the definition of the ‘due diligence’ defence is as follows : “...it shall...be a defence for the person charged to prove that he took all reasonable precautions and exercised all due diligence to avoid the commission of the offence by himself or by a person under his control”

Requirements for the Retailer Own Brand b) satisfy themselves that the intended supplier is competent to produce and/or process the product specified, that he complies with all relevant legal requirements and that he operates systems of production control in accordance with good manufacturing or agricultural practise; from time to time make visits to suppliers, where practical, the verify point b) or to receive the result of any other audit of the suppliers systems for that purpose; Source: Food Safety Act 1990 Guidelines on the Statutory Defence of Due Diligence Feb 1991 NCC LACOTS The Institute of Environmental Health Officers NFU The Retail Consortium FDF

The 1992-1998 “Free for All” Retailer technical resources were reducing and under pressure Third Party Inspection was seen as a means of meeting legal compliance but freeing resource no “standard” approach confusion and conflict

Status of UK Retailers - Nov 1996 third party and own inspection with some 20 approved Auditors did not accept any third party but introduced their own self auditing scheme did not accept any third party and inspected using their own technologists accepted a limited number of third party inspection bodies and undertake some inspections by their own technologists accepted a limited number of third party inspection bodies SAFEWAY SAINSBURY TESCO ASDA SOMERFIELD

UK Food Safety Standards 1996

The Development of the BRC Technical Food Standard Supplier/Retail Customer Standard which sits within a company’s systems and procedures derived from UK Retailer Codes of Practice and Inspection Standards satisfied the requirement for Retailers to inspect their own brand suppliers under the UK Food Safety Act, Due Diligence Defence superseded the inspections carried out by the individual Retailer’s technical staff driven by efficiency, cost and sharing of “best practice”

The Development of the BRC Technical Food Standard Problems “new ground”; very competitive organisations working together focussed on own sector, no requirement to worry about anyone else some more “active/ committed ” than others protectionism experienced both Company and individual compromise continual change in member group technical teams throughout development Source Food Marketing Institute Conference New Orleans November 2001 K Swoffer

The Future of the Standard re-establish the co-operation of 1997/1998 meet CIES requirements and look toward other Standards improve systems change the stance of ‘job done’ BRC to provide a stable environment to develop Standards and relationships think “outside the box” recognition of “good but need to be better!” Source Food Marketing Institute Conference New Orleans November 2001 K Swoffer

Lessons Learnt! non commercial non recognition of success mis-understanding of individuals and recognition to fully comply the need for review the need to ensure everyone is ‘running at the same speed’ the need to control services to the process the need to take the next step - we ‘stopped’ too soon Source Food Marketing Institute Conference New Orleans November 2001 K Swoffer

Development of Schemes Best Practices GFSI Recognised Schemes Private and ISO Standards BRC/ IFS/ SQF/ ISO 22000 Codex - HACCP Principles - GMP Legislation - Food Law Product Specific / Customer Specific Requirements Schemes Standards Principles Requirements

Standard vs Scheme Standard Protocol Scheme

Developing Scheme Systems 1998-2011 Inspection Product Certification No Certification Body Contract Formal Certification Body Contract No Resources Resources No Database Web Enabled Database System No Training Approved Training Scheme No Integrity Programme Integrity

Global Food Safety Institutive GFSI launched at the CIES Annual Congress in 2000, following a directive from the food business CEOs. Food Safety was then, and is still, top of mind with consumers. Consumer trust needs to be strengthened and maintained, while making the supply chain safer. Managed by The Consumer Goods Forum

« Safe Food for Consumers Everywhere » GFSI Mission Driving continuous improvement in food safety to strengthen consumer confidence worldwide GFSI Objectives GFSI Reduce food safety risks Manage cost Develop competencies and capacity building Knowledge exchange and networking VISION : « Safe Food for Consumers Everywhere » MISSION : “Driving continuous improvement in food safety to strengthen consumer confidence worldwide ” OBJECTIVES : Reduce food safety risks by delivering equivalence and convergence between effective food safety management systems Manage cost in the global food system by eliminating redundancy and improving operational efficiency Develop competencies and capacity building in food safety to create consistent and effective global food systems Provide a unique international stakeholder platform for collaboration, knowledge exchange and networking

GFSI Breakthrough – June 2007 The following companies came to a common acceptance of GFSI benchmarked standards, and now many other companies have followed suit In June 2007, the following companies announced their common acceptance of GFSI benchmarked standards at post farm gate level, meaning once a facility is certified by any of the benchmark schemes, the results will be recognized uniformly. This was a significant moment for the GFSI, given that the buying power this group represents is enormous, representing approximately 740 billion US dollars across 325,000 stores worldwide. Now even more companies are accepting GFSI in their supply chains.

Benchmarking – What does this mean Benchmarking – What does this mean? « Once certified, accepted everywhere » These are the schemes which have currently been recognised by GFSI.

Some Companies Now Accepting GSFI Recognised Schemes These are just some of the companies accepting GFSI-recognised schemes in their supply chains, and as GFSI becomes increasingly global there are many others. 20

GFSI Guidance Document Objectives Sets out the requirements for food safety management schemes and the key elements for the production of food and feed Provides guidance to schemes seeking compliance with the GFSI Guidance Document and recognition by the GFSI Defines the requirements for the effective management and control of conforming schemes Puts in place transparent procedures for the GFSI benchmarking process

Scheme Development and Maintenance Scheme Governance Scheme Management Requirements for Food Safety Management Scheme Ownership and Management Scheme scope Scheme Development and Maintenance Scheme Governance Scheme Management GFSI Relationship

Food Safety Service Providers Accredited 3rd Party Certification (GFSI Model) GFSI Global Food Safety Initiative IAF* International Accreditation Forum ISO International Standards Organisation SCHEME Standard + Mgmt System AB Accreditation Body CB Certification Body AUDITOR Cons: Oversight adds costs High std for emerging markets Pros: Benchmarking of schemes Consistent delivery of Schemes Multi-stakeholder approach Acceptance by industry Requirements for schemes & auditors Site

GFSI Certificates Globally in 2010 Jürgen Matern Total certificates worldwide for primary production and manufacturing is 119829 At the end of 2008, we were at 30000 certificates, so this demonstrates the uptake in the marketplace of working with GFSI. Europe 65886 Eastern Europe 12710 USA 11640 South America 8179 Asia 7209 Central America 5002 Africa 4942 Australasia 2866 Canada 1296 Caribbean 99

Thank you for attention Kevin Swoffer kswoffer@yahoo.co.uk