Quantification of renewable raw materials use in the EU chemical industry Tilman Benzing RRM Meeting 02 April 2014

Motivation for raw materials quantification Know the status of bio-based chemical production - as baseline information - to monitor future developments Aggregate chemical production is difficult to quantify - Value: possible - Volume: impossible! Scope and methodology - Raw materials entering the chemical industry - Limitation to organic materials and material use 2

Chemical industry (NACE 20) Plastics, Fine and specialty chemicals Chemical Value Chain Refineries Customer industries (e.g. Packaging, Construction, Automotive, Cleaning, Pharmaceutical) Bio-based raw materials Natural gas production Coal Mining Chem. industry Energy use Inorganics mining Organic base chemicals Inorganic base chemicals Simplified; proportions not to scale! Scope and methodology Salt, phosphate, flurospar, lithium, potassium, pre- ciuos metals, and many others Vegetable oils, Animal fats, Cellulose, Sugar, Starch, Bioethanol, Natural Rubber, Glycerol, and others Bioethanol = internal energy use in crackers Naphtha, condensates, LPG, gasoil Coal tar Raw Materials Base = not taken into account

Raw materials use: Draft results and data sources Volume in 1,000 tonnes EU 28 "gross" EU 28 "net" Data sources Mineral Oil derivatives (refinery products) 84,38061,210 APPE (Association of Petrochemicals Producers in Europe) Natural Gas19,200 Eurostat Coal1,340 Eurostat Renewables total8,560 - Vegetable Oils1,570 FEDIOL (European Vegetable Oil and Proteinmeal Industry Federation) Animal Fats500 APAG (European Oleochemicals and Allied Products Group) Chemical Pulp890 FAOSTAT, CIRFS (European man-made fiber industry organization) Starch and Sugar1,560 Ecosys/FNR (German renewable raw materials agency) and estimates Bioethanol (industr. use)590 European Commission Bioethanol (ETBE)1,000 EFOA (European Fuel Oxygenates Association) Natural Rubber1,240 IRSG (International Rubber Study Group) Glycerol470 Eurostat and estimates Others740 Eurostat and estimates Total organic113,48090,310 -

Organic raw material use Draft results volume 5 Volume in t – material (feedstock) use only, EU chemical industry, 2011 derivatives

Organic raw material use Draft results shares 6 Shares in total organic raw materials – material (feedstock) use only, EU chemical industry, 2011 derivatives

Renewables volume: Detailed breakdown (draft) 7 Renewables volume in tonnes, EU chemical industry, 2011 Vegetable waxes, natural resins, tanning agents, proteins, medicinal plants

Renewables shares: Detailed breakdown (draft) 8 Renewables shares in total renewables, EU chemical industry, 2011 Vegetable waxes, natural resins, tanning agents, proteins, medicinal plants total: 8.5 mill. tonnes/a (for ETBE)

Limitations Methodology: Definition of scope influences the results Varying data quality: Different sources, estimates The results are an important step towards a baseline for monitoring the future development of bio-based chemical production, but should not be seen as complete and as a definitive baseline. Changes in scope and methodology as well as changes in data sources and estimates could lead to structural changes in the data, limiting the validity of future monitoring. These uncertainties require careful interpretation of the resulting data, especially when analyzing future developments. 9

Way forward Regular updates, beginning with 2012 data Regular screening of data sources to improve data quality: - substitution of sources with better ones - replacement of estimates by systematic and regular surveys, where possible Possible adaptation of methodology in light of new information Possible application as template for member states to be discussed with national federations, taking into account existing approaches and methodologies. 10 Thank you for your attention!