Cultures in Conflict Texas History, Chapter 17

Native Americans Control the West Settlements in isolated West Texas were left vulnerable to attacks by the Comanches, Kiowas and other Plains people

Search for Peace Federal agents believed that fair treatment would stop attacks by Native Americans Society of Friends, or Quakers: did not believe in violence

Search for Peace 1867: federal agents and chiefs of Native American nations met and signed Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek

Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek Native Americans would move to reservations in the Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma) Native Americans agreed to stop raiding settlements

Peace Policy Fails Satanta: Kiowa chief who spoke against moving to reservations “Orator of the Plains:” Known for eloquent speeches

West Texas at War General Sherman investigated raids on settlements Kiowas attacked wagon train at Salt Creek Sherman arrested Satanta

West Texas at War Satanta was not executed; federal officials afraid of starting war with Native Americans Peace policy abandoned; federal expeditions sent to destroy Native American camps

West Texas at War Federal soldiers were stationed in West Texas to prevent Native American raids Built series of forts Failed to stops raids at first: not enough soldiers and soldiers were inexperienced

Native American Culture Attacked Buffalo were important to the Plain people for food & other necessities General Sheridan encouraged white buffalo hunters to kill all buffalo to defeat the Plains culture

Buffalo Hunters Only interested in buffalo hides, leaving carcass to rot Without the buffalo, Native Americans would be forced to move to reservations in order to survive

Buffalo Hunters at Adobe Walls Plains tribes, led by Quanah Parker, attacked camp at Adobe Walls Unable to take Adobe Walls, warriors increased raids on Anglo settlements

Red River Campaign 3,000 Army troops sent to search for Native American camps Battle of Palo Duro Canyon Colonel Mackenzie had 1,000 Native American horses destroyed

Surrender Kwahadies: last Comanche bands to surrender By 1874, most Native Americans moved to reservations Victory over Native Americans resulted in westward migration by Anglo settlers

Kickapoo Raiders Kickapoo raiders fought on the Mexico, Texas and New Mexico borders Raids subdued after 1878

Buffalo Soldiers Tenth Cavalry made up of African Americans Pursued Victorio and his band of Apache warriors in West Texas

Buffalo Soldiers Soldiers well respected by the Native Americans but sometimes harassed by the Anglo American settlers 19 buffalo soldiers received Medals of Honor for service in the American West

Texas Rangers Lawlessness in South Texas grew partly as result of Civil War deserters “Special Force” of Rangers was sent to lower Rio Grande to establish peace

Texas Rangers Reputation for ruthlessness Sent to deal with ambitious ranchers and renegades Known to mistreat Mexican Americans

A New Era With threat of raids gone, settlers moved into West Texas and established farms & ranches Towns grew up around former military posts

Good Luck on Your Test!

Review Questions By 1866, federal soldiers were stationed in West Texas to A. prevent Native American attacks B. Assist new settlers C. Stop attacks on Native Americans

Review Questions By 1866, federal soldiers were stationed in West Texas to A. prevent Native American attacks B. Assist new settlers C. Stop attacks on Native Americans

Review Questions Federal officials were opposed to executing Satanta because He wanted Native Americans to move to reservations They supported his beliefs They were afraid of starting a war

Review Questions Federal officials were opposed to executing Satanta because He wanted Native Americans to move to reservations They supported his beliefs They were afraid of starting a war

Review Questions Who were well respected by the Native Americans but harassed by the Anglo American settlers? Mexican Americans Buffalo soldiers Buffalo hunters

Review Questions Who were well respected by the Native Americans but harassed by the Anglo American settlers? Mexican Americans Buffalo soldiers Buffalo hunters

Review Questions At first, the U.S. Army failed to stop raids by Native Americans for all these reasons EXCEPT Soldiers were inexperienced It did not have enough soldiers It failed to build forts

Review Questions At first, the U.S. Army failed to stop raids by Native Americans for all these reasons EXCEPT Soldiers were inexperienced It did not have enough soldiers It failed to build forts

Review Questions Nineteen buffalo soldiers received this for service in the American West Land Congressional Medal of Honor Guns and supplies

Review Questions Nineteen buffalo soldiers received this for service in the American West Land Congressional Medal of Honor Guns and supplies

Review Questions Lawlessness in South Texas grew partly as a result of Few laws on the books Civil War deserters An increase in Native Americans

Review Questions Lawlessness in South Texas grew partly as a result of Few laws on the books Civil War deserters An increase in Native Americans

Review Questions Quakers were often selected as reservations agents because they opposed The federal government Violence Anglo settlers

Review Questions Quakers were often selected as reservations agents because they opposed The federal government Violence Anglo settlers

Review Questions Buffalo were important to Native Americans of the Plains for Food Sacrifice Riding

Review Questions Buffalo were important to Native Americans of the Plains for Food Sacrifice Riding

Review Questions By November 1874, most Native Americans in Texas Resumed their old way of life Were going to reservations Had defeated white settlers

Review Questions By November 1874, most Native Americans in Texas Resumed their old way of life Were going to reservations Had defeated white settlers

Review Questions The white buffalo hunters were primarily interested in buffalo Hides Sinew Paunches

Review Questions The white buffalo hunters were primarily interested in buffalo Hides Sinew Paunches

Review Questions The Tenth Cavalry was made up of Mexican Americans African Americans Native Americans

Review Questions The Tenth Cavalry was made up of Mexican Americans African Americans Native Americans

Review Questions Many people believed the Texas Rangers often mistreated Sheep ranchers Cattle ranchers Mexican Americans

Review Questions Many people believed the Texas Rangers often mistreated Sheep ranchers Cattle ranchers Mexican Americans

Review Questions The leader of the Apaches who fought battles in Texas and Mexico was Satanta Victorio Lawrie Tatum

Review Questions The leader of the Apaches who fought battles in Texas and Mexico was Satanta Victorio Lawrie Tatum

Review Questions Known as the Society of Friends Kwahadies Quakers Kickapoos

Review Questions Known as the Society of Friends Kwahadies Quakers Kickapoos

Review Questions According to the Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek, Native Americans would live on reservations in present-day Kansas Indian Territory North of the Red River

Review Questions According to the Treaty of Medicine Ledge Creek, Native Americans would live on reservations in present-day Kansas Indian Territory North of the Red River

Review Questions Group that attacked a wagon train at Salt Creek Apaches Kwahadies Kiowas

Review Questions Group that attacked a wagon train at Salt Creek Apaches Kwahadies Kiowas

Review Questions Texas Rangers were sent to the lower Rio Grande to control all of these groups EXCEPT The Special Force Renegades Ambitious Ranchers

Review Questions Texas Rangers were sent to the lower Rio Grande to control all of these groups EXCEPT The Special Force Renegades Ambitious Ranchers

Review Questions Last Comanche bands to surrender Kwahadies Kickapoos Apaches

Review Questions Last Comanche bands to surrender Kwahadies Kickapoos Apaches

Review Questions Site of a key battle of the Red River campaign Salt Creek Palo Duro Canyon Adobe Walls

Review Questions Site of a key battle of the Red River campaign Salt Creek Palo Duro Canyon Adobe Walls

Review Questions Camp of buffalo hunters attacked by tribes led by Quanah Parker Salt Creek Indian Territory Adobe Walls

Review Questions Camp of buffalo hunters attacked by tribes led by Quanah Parker Salt Creek Indian Territory Adobe Walls

Review Questions Why did Sheridan encouraged buffalo hunters to kill all the buffalo? Anglo Americans would stop migrating with the buffalo Native Americans would lose their way of life and move to reservations Buffalo were overpopulating ranches

Review Questions Why did Sheridan encouraged buffalo hunters to kill all the buffalo? Anglo Americans would stop migrating with the buffalo Native Americans would lose their way of life and move to reservations Buffalo were overpopulating ranches

Review Questions Present-day Oklahoma was known as this Indian Territory Satanta Special Force

Review Questions Present-day Oklahoma was known as this Indian Territory Satanta Special Force

Review Question Site of a raid on a wagon train for which Satanta was arrested Salt Creek Palo Duro Canyon Adobe Walls

Review Question Site of a raid on a wagon train for which Satanta was arrested Salt Creek Palo Duro Canyon Adobe Walls

Review Questions Who was the “Orator of the Plains?” Quanah Parker Victorio Satanta

Review Questions Who was the “Orator of the Plains?” Quanah Parker Victorio Satanta