Strengthening Inter-linkages between Development and Humanitarian Programmes: Mapping and Analysis of Gaps RCO and OCHA HCT Tuesday September 12 th

Context and Process Context In context of transition environment, the UN and partners are: Maintaining a balance between scaling-up service delivery while enhancing national systems Harmonized approaches emphasizing national policy engagement and systems development Maintaining a capacity, and where possible strengthening national systems, to respond quickly and adequately to residual and new humanitarian needs Process and Outcomes of work Facilitated by RCO and OCHA Part I: Mapping of humanitarian, recovery and development Part II: Participatory meetings and dialogue between humanitarian and development actors, prioritization of gaps. Synthesis, feedback and revision Efforts to seek synergies, collaboration, complementarity and develop shared understanding Inform evolving humanitarian architecture and funding appeals, priorities for ZUNDAF, DRM Strategy etc. 2

Mapping of humanitarian, recovery and development 3 Humanitari an Cluster Recovery opportunit ies identified in JEROF (2010) Main non- humanita rian not included in CAP 2012 Relevant ZUNDAF/JI M Outcome Programme in place/ Progress/Sector Recovery Significant Funding Source Relevant Govern policies, structures UN/ZUNDAF inc. relevant Flagship NGO and other partners Agriculture Education Food Assistance Health Nutrition WASH Protection Multi- sector Livelihood

Agriculture: Analysis of gaps and priorities for inter-linkages Disaster Response Capacity Humanitarian – No gaps Risks – Low productivity, limited private sector, inadequate safety-nets Strengthening national capacity – NEWU and early warning – DCP and MoAMID – FNC Recovery/development Sustainable approaches for input assistance (co-payment, conservation farming) Co-ordination structures MTP ACWG Finalization of Agricultural Policy Sustainable transparent funding system e.g. levies Post-harvest management Accountability and demand of services 4

Education: Analysis of gaps and priorities for inter-linkages Disaster Response Capacity Humanitarian – No gaps Risks – Lack of Gov funding for strengthening school systems Strengthening national capacity – Expand DRR in schools – Strengthen link between MoESAC and DCP – ENN and EMIS – Schools grants Recovery/development Integration of national co- ordination structures, potential “partner-forum” Adherence of standards of school construction Prioritize Satellite schools Scaling up EMIS Secure continued funding for BEAM School Grants School Development Committees (SDCs) 5

Food Assistance (inc. SP/FS): Analysis of gaps and priorities for inter-linkages Disaster Response Capacity Humanitarian – 1.6 million affected by acute food insecurity (Jan-Mar 2013) – Some chronically food insecure (in absence of safety-net, social assistance) – Innovative approaches to food assistance Strengthening national capacity DCP and FNC DRM Strategy Recovery/development National social protection framework Expansion of cash transfers for chronically vulnerable (labor constrained) National system for food and nutrition insecurity (vulnerability) analysis strengthened through FNC/ZIMVAC (link to PISCES) Economic opportunities expanded (inc. Food/Cash for Assets) Implementation of Food and Nutrition Security Policy 6

Health: Analysis of gaps and priorities for inter-linkages Disaster Response Capacity Humanitarian – Support for health surveillance and response to water-borne diseases Strengthening national capacity – National Health Emergency Operation Center (NHEOC) – MoHCW and DCP – Environmental Health Alliance (EHA) at su-national level Recovery/development Health sector co-ordination, revive HDP forum Stunting: Scaling up nutrition in HTF and multi-sectoral interventions Scaling up response to address maternal mortality through multi- faceted interventions including waiver of user fees etc. 7

Nutrition: Analysis of gaps and priorities for inter-linkages Disaster Response Capacity Humanitarian – No gaps Risks – Underlying causes not addressed, capacities for response limited, high HIV/AIDS Strengthening national capacity Establish national nutritional surveillance system Analysis of multi-sectoral food and nutrition insecurity at sub-national level Referral and treatment of malnourished through MoHCW Rapid Response Teams Recovery/development Scaling-up opportunities for IYCF in HTF Scaling up multi-sectoral analysis and response through FNC (SUN, FNSP, Flagship) Revert cluster back to MoHCW/ND Nutrition Technical WG and support co-ordination Nutrition Strategy Micro-nutrient deficiencies HIV/AIDS and nutrition (esp > 5 years) 8

WASH: Analysis of gaps and priorities for inter-linkages Disaster Response Capacity Humanitarian – Response to ‘life-threatening’ water-borne outbreaks including in schools, under-served areas and urban areas Risks – Systemic disrepair, over-reliance on one emergency donor, partial coverage of development programmes Strengthening national capacity – DRR in WASH Policy, DCP/CPU and MoWater, national NGOs Recovery/development Strengthening national co- ordination structures in line with WASH sector review/Policy Mapping of under-served areas Expansion of rural WASH to remaining 30 Districts (consortia of NGOs?) Prevention (“soft side”) WASH in clinics Sustainable funding (e.g. water levies) Large-scale investment for system overhaul ($800 million, WB) 9

Protection : Analysis of gaps and priorities for inter-linkages Disaster Response Capacity Humanitarian – Short-term immediate assistance for Returnees Asylum seekers/Refugees ‘Displaced/mobile’ – Recovery assistance to ‘displaced/mobile’ Strengthening national capacity – Preparedness for mass returnees/mass influx – DCP not mandated for civil violence preparedness, UN preparedness – Integrate protection into Ministries/sectors Recovery/development Access of returnees to development programmes Strengthening national capacity for response and follow-up of unaccompanied minors Capacity to respond to asylum seekers (camps, adherence to laws) Strengthening capacity of RG office ‘Displaced/mobile’ (resettlement, governance and protection, access to basic services) Strengthening national protection and human rights frameworks/architecture Ratification/domestication of Kampala Convention Scale-up national social protection 10

Livelihoods: Analysis of gaps and priorities for inter-linkages Disaster Response Capacity Humanitarian – No critical gaps Strengthening national capacity – Significant contribution to strengthening resilience – DRM Strategy must include ‘economic opportunities’ that reduce vulnerabilities Recovery/development Strengthening of Government-led co-ordination structures (MTP, link with PRIZE, PRP, LICI, Flagship), need for secretariat support Sector development (evidence, documentation of best practices, expertise) Longer-term planning and funding Close links with emerging: Social protection framework Agricultural sector 11

Concluding Observations Residual humanitarian gaps only in areas of WASH/health, protection and food assistance Increasing opportunities for UN and partners in responding to above, strengthen and reinforce national capacity National Disaster Risk Management – Sector accountabilities, role of DCP as co-ordinator – DRM Strategy and Sector/Ministries policies important for defining accountabilities for disaster response – Longer-term commitment for strengthening national capacity Equity and access by most vulnerable need to remain priorities within recovery/development programmes Humanitarian co-ordination have triggered scope for further strengthening of Government-led co-ordination structures (with appropriate support) Appropriate comprehensive strategy for “displaced/mobile” population needs further discussion National Social Protection Framework 12