Aftermath of World War II Yalta and Potsdam Conferences

Prior to Yalta Atlantic Conference-1941 British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and U.S. President Roosevelt meet from August 9-12, 1941 on a warship off the coast of Newfoundland which resulted in the Atlantic Charter foundation for the United Nations -renunciation of aggression -right to self-government -access to raw materials -freedom from want and fear -freedom of the seas -disarmament of aggressor nations

Atlantic Conference

Prior to Yalta Casablanca—Feb. 12, 1943 “Great and decisive action against the Japanese will be taken to drive the invader from the soil of China. Important actions will be taken in the skies over China-and Japan.” “Unconditional Surrender” Moscow—October 1943 “Establishing at the earliest possible date a general international organization.…for the maintenance of international peace and security.” “Fascism…shall be completely destroyed” “Austria…shall be liberated from German domination….annexation….null and void.” Cairo—November 1943 “The Three Great Allies…resolve to bring unrelenting pressure against their brutal enemies by land, sea, and air.” “ The three Great Allies have no thought of territorial expansion.” “Japan shall be stripped of all the islands in the Pacific which she has seized since the beginning of the first World War.” “The three great powers….are determined that in due course Korea shall be free and independent.” Tehran—November 28—December 1, 1943 “the war has caused economic difficulty for Iran, and they will continue to make available to the government of Iran such economic assistance as may be possible…” “Turkey should come into the war on the side of the Allies before the end of the year.” “Took note that Operation OVERLORD would be launched during May 1944, in conjunction with an operation in southern France.”

Conference at Yalta Aside--Crimean Peninsula, what other important events took place in 1347 and 1856?

Yalta Conference February 4-11, 1945 Churchill + Roosevelt + Stalin = The Big Three Britain U. S. U.S.S.R. Anti-Communist Communist

Yalta Conference In the long term, How would their political beliefs surface after World War II? Answer: the Cold War

Yalta Conference U.S. and Great Britain wanted ________________ to prevail in Eastern Europe. The U.S.S.R. suppressed non-communist political parties and prevented free _______________ in Poland Czechoslovakia Hungary Romania and Bulgaria

Yalta Conference

In the short term, there were three goals: 1) Churchill + Roosevelt Stalin needed to gain Stalin’s trust to enter the war against Japan. Why was this so critical?

Yalta Conference Close to 1 million U.S. and British troops would be lost trying to invade Japan. However, the Manhattan Project was underway. So, what was the Manhattan Project?

Manhattan Project Started in 1939 it had the objective of creating the first atomic bomb. The first atomic bomb test was achieved on July 16, 1945 at the Trinity, New Mexico site.

Manhattan Project Testing the Atomic Bomb kw&NR=1&feature=fvwp

Yalta Conference So, back to the two other important points of the Yalta Conference. 2) Decide the fate of Poland. Why was this so important?

Yalta Conference Finally, 3) To establish a United Nations

Yalta Conference Considering the Soviet Union was being asked by the United Kingdom and United States to help in the possible invasion of Japan, make a prediction about the relationship between Britain, U.S. and the Soviet Union.

Yalta Conference So, therefore what did the soviet union want? 1) Control over Manchuria in northeast China and Mongolia. 2) A soviet zone of occupation in Korea 3) Veto power in the United Nations

Potsdam Conference The last wartime conference of the Allies. It was held in the suburb of Potsdam outside of the city of Berlin. It started on July 16, 1945 and ended on August 2, Who is missing from this photo? Churchill Stalin

Potsdam Conference

Results of Potsdam Immediate Allied control of Germany Demarcation of the boundaries of Poland Dismantling of Germany’s military German reparations Prosecution of war criminals AND Truman’s Decision

Potsdam Conference Hiroshima Bombing Decision 4&NR=1&feature=fvwp