1. Planning for the Defeat of Japan
How to defeat Japan??
Yalta Conference (Southern Russia)
February 1945
Potsdam Conference (Germany)
July1945

2. Yalta Conference 3 major allied powers: England, US, Soviet Union
Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin
Agreements:
USSR would declare war on Japan
Create United Nations
Soviet Union wanted Germany pay some reparations
Germany will be divided into 4 zones:
USSR, USA, Britain, and France(Stalin’s request)
Stalin agreed to “free and unfettered elections” in Poland and other Soviet-occupied Eastern European countries

3. Potsdam Conference July 1945
Meeting between same 3 allied powers
England, US, Soviet Union
PM Clement Atlee, Harry Truman, Stalin
Tensions:
Stalin prevented free elections in Poland and other Eastern European occupied areas
Truman refused Stalin’s demands for Germany to pay reparations
Agreement:
Japan has an ultimatum to surrender or meet “prompt and utter destruction”

4. The Atomic Bomb
US was testing ABOMB same time that Potsdam conference was going on

5. Manhattan Project Developed 1st Atomic bomb
Began in 1939 (BEFORE US ENTERED WAR!)
At its peak, more than 600,00 Americans were involved in the project- although few new ultimate purpose.
Truman didn’t learn about until he was President
Los Alamos, New Mexico

6. Time for decisions….
Japanese ignored ultimatum given at the Potsdam Conference
Truman made the decision to drop the bomb
July 25th- he ordered the military to make final plans for dropping atomic bombs
Day later issued ultimatum discussed at Potsdam
August 6th- “Little Boy” dropped on Hiroshima
August 9th- “Fat Man” dropped on Nagasaki
End of year 200,000 people died as a result of injuries and radiation poisoning

7. Dropping of the Bomb Little Boy Fat Man
Hiroshima
August 6th, 1945
Fat Man
Nagasaki
August 9th, 1945
Japan surrenders six days later (Aug. 15, 1945)

8. Iron Curtain, 1946
From Stettin on the Baltic to Trieste on the Adriatic, an 
iron curtain has descended across the continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of central 
and eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, 
Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest, and Sofia, all these 
famous cities and the populations around them lie in the 
Soviet sphere and all are subject, in one form or another, 
not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and 
increasing measure of control from Moscow....Police 
governments are prevailing in nearly every case, and so 
far, except in Czechoslovakia, there is no true democracy.
 Winston S. Churchill (Prime Minister of Great Britain)

9. The Iron Curtain