Energy Conservation in Home

Energy consumption in residential sector Total installed power generation capacity >1,00,000 MW 10-15% energy from the Residential sector Major components Lighting Fans & Air-Conditioning Heaters Refrigerator Washing machine Water Pump Thermal Energy - LPG

Why Energy savings? Reduction in EB bill National interest Potential to save up to 50% National interest Reduce pollution and Conserving our natural resources

Typical Energy Use at Home Appliance Energy Used (Watts) Time needed to consume 1 Unit (kWh) of electricity Night Lamp 15 66 hours 40 minutes Incandescent Lamp 40 25 hours 60 16 hours 40 minutes 100 10 hours Fluorescent tube light 54 18 hours 30 minutes CFL (9W) 10 100 hours CFL (11W) 12 83 hours 30 minutes Mosquito repellent 5 200 hours Fan (42”) 50 20 hours Table Fan

Typical Energy Use at Home Appliance Energy Used (Watts) Time needed to consume 1 Unit (kWh) of electricity Air cooler 115 8 hours 40 minutes Air conditioner (1 Ton) 1500 40 minutes Refrigerator – 165 litres 105 9 hours 30 minutes Refrigerator – 300 litres 125 8 hours Mixer / Juicer 450 2 hours 15 minutes Toaster 800 1 hour 15 minutes Electric oven 1200 50 minutes Microwave oven 1800 34 minutes Iron – Light weight Iron – Heavy 750 1 hour 20 minutes

Typical Energy Use at Home Appliance Energy Used (Watts) Time needed to consume 1 Unit (kWh) of electricity Water heater – 15 – 17 litres 2000 30 minutes Vacuum cleaner 950 1 hour Washing Machine – without drier 230 4 hours 20 minutes 400 2 hours 30 minutes Water pump 750 1 hour 20 minutes TV 100 10 hours Radio 15 66 hours 40 minutes Stereo system 50 to 3000 20 hours to 20 minutes Water purifier 25 40 hours

Present Domestic Power Cost - StateEB Bi-monthly consumption First 50 units - Rs.1.10/unit 51 – 100 units - Rs.1.30/unit 101 – 200 units - Rs.2.60/unit 201 – 600 units - Rs.3.50/unit More than 600 - Rs.4.75/unit

Typical energy use at Home Total units - 604 units/month - 1208 units/month Total Charges - Rs.4630/two month

Suggested Measures to improve energy efficiency Lighting Appliance Energy Used (Watts) Time needed to consume 1 Unit (kWh) of electricity Night Lamp 15 66 hours 40 minutes Incandescent Lamp -40 W 40 25 hours Incandescent Lamp – 60 W 60 16 hours 40 minutes Incandescent Lamp –100 W 100 10 hours Fluorescent tube light 54 18 hours 30 minutes CFL (9W) 10 100 hours CFL (11W) 12 83 hours 30 minutes

Suggested Measures to improve energy efficiency Lighting Consumes 10% of total energy Indoor Turn off the lights in any room you're not using Use natural lights Use CFL Lamps in place of GL Lamps Use electronic ballast                                                                                        

Comparison Of GLS & CFL GLS Watts 40 60 100 Lumens 425 720 1380 CFL Watts 9 15 20 Lumens 400 900 1200

Comparison -Efficacy Good Best Better T12, 38 mm 60 Lm/W T8, 26 mm

Lighting Distribute – Different Lighting Zone Studying, stitching, Watching TV etc Wall colours – Light colours More reflectivity Regular cleaning of lamps 20-30% more light output

Suggested Measures to improve energy efficiency Refrigerator Consumes 20% of total energy Eg., Cost of operating 315 Lts refrigerator is Rs 4000/Yr Select energy efficient equipment Set thermostat at correct temperatures Don't keep your refrigerator or freezer too cold In 24 hours, only around 8 Hours compressor ON – remaining 16 hours maintains cool Minimize number of openings Plan your operation

Suggested Measures to improve energy efficiency Bring to room temperatures Cool to room temperature

Suggested Measures to improve energy efficiency Refrigerator Regularly defrost manual-defrost refrigerators and freezers Motor load will increase Leave enough space between your refrigerator and the walls or cabinets Air can circulate around the condenser coils Trapped heat increases energy consumption

Suggested Measures to improve energy efficiency Refrigerator Set temperatures at optimal level Food compartment between 36° and 40° F Freezer between 0° and 5° F Make sure your refrigerator door seals are airtight Check by inserting paper If you can pull the paper or bill out easily, the latch may need adjustment or the seal may need replacing

Suggested Measures to improve energy efficiency Refrigerator When away for long time – Empty refrigerator and switch-off Clean condenser 3-4 times in a year Close food container lids – absorb moisture in the food item

Fans & A.C’s Electronic regulators – energy efficient compared to switching type Exhaust fan in bathrooms & kitchens – remove heat Air coolers ¼ power compared to A.C’s – Where humidity is less Electronic thermostat controllers Clean A.C filter once in a month Trees around house – Equivalent to A.C 10 – 15 deg C less than ambient

Electric Iron Iron – Light weight 450 2 hours 15 minutes Iron – Heavy 750 1 hour 20 minutes While drying clothes – drain water opening them widely and shake them briskly Minimum wrinkles – shorter ironing period While ironing – Initially set low temperature Select clothes like nylon, polyester Increase temperature Cotton clothes Requires high temperature – results in loss Switch-off power – Just before completing Continue ironing Possibly Iron all the clothes at a time

Time needed to consume 1 Unit (kWh) of electricity Washing Machines Appliance Energy Used (Watts) Time needed to consume 1 Unit (kWh) of electricity Washing Machine – without drier 230 4 hours 20 minutes 400 2 hours 30 minutes Always wash only with full load Use the correct amount of detergent Too many bubbles make your machine work harder and use more energy

Washing Machines Up to 60 percent of the cost of washing clothes comes from heating the water Use hot water only for very dirty clothes, and always use cold water in the rinse cycle Apart from Monsoon and chilly weather – avoid using the dryer as it consumes more power

T.V & Audio/Video For certain reasons (like attending telephone) TV or radio volume is lowered, Restore the volume / do not forget to switch-off Don’t keep the TV in remote activated system in night – The circuit consumes minimum 15 Watts of power Long holiday / tour – safe to de-plug the cords

Water Pump Power Consumption – ¼ hp to 1 hp Annual operating expenses > Rs.5000/yr Use correct capacity and head Use ISI branded pumps Ensure minimum bends I piping Keep regular check on water leakages Use auto on-off switch with level of the tank

Fuel Savings in Cooking Complete all work like cleaning rice, cutting vegetables Before starting stove – Keep all appliances ready Use correct size burner depending on the vessel size Un necessary Larger burner – waste of 135 gm gas Use only desired amount of water for cooking More water – additional gas and drains away nutrients 65% high fuel consumption While boiling close the vessel with lid 10% gas savings Copper bottom vessel 20% fuel savings and faster

Fuel Savings in Cooking Flame colour is not blue – cleaning of burner required Kitchen window – blowing air directly towards stove 20% Wastage Electrically heated stove consumes more power compared to gas stove On electric stovetops, use flat-bottomed pans that make full contact with the element A warped or rounded pan will waste most of the heat

Micro wave Oven Microwaves ovens use very high-frequency radio waves to penetrate the surface of food to heat water molecules inside Consumes 50 % less energy than conventional ovens Not Suitable for Large size food Always remember the more you spend in the kitchen, the more energy you are consuming

Solar Water Heating Heating - Consumes 35% of total energy Replace Geyser Best option Gaining tremendous popularity Savings for average household – Rs.6000 per year

Idle operation of Electrical Appliances Biggest loss of energy TV, Audio Systems,Telephone answering machines A small compact audio unit can draw 9 watts while it's ostensibly turned off Audio Player used for an hour and kept switched on whole day 93 percent of a stereo's energy use occurs when the unit is not turned off!! What is the Solution? Unplug the appliances when not in use!!!

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