Literacy and L2 in the Low Countries Nederland: Ineke Flanders: Els Maton, Tania Menten, Inge Schuurmans Netherlands: Ineke van de Craats, Jeanne Kurvers, Willemijn Stockmann

Dutch as ‘world’ language Varieties of Dutch The Netherlands: 16 million Northern part of Belgium: Flanders 6 million Surinam, former Dutch colony Dutch Carribean Islands Afrikaans, South Africa Small part of Northern France Nederland: Ineke

Dual presentation Flanders Netherlands Nederland: Ineke

Main ethnic minorities from Morrocco Turkey Congo Italy Several East European countries Several (North)African countries Several Azian countries Several Middle East countries Turkey Morrocco Surinam Iraq Afghanistan Iran Several African countries 1. België: Tania 2.Nederland: Ineke

Leslla population Nearly all illiterates and low-educated second language learners under citizenship policy. Therefore: Information about citizenship policy Information about Literacy Dutch L2 Pairwise for Flanders and Netherlands Nederland: Ineke

Citizenship: Legislation Federal law on non-nationals (Belgium) Law on citizenship 2006 Civil orientation (settling policy) ≠ naturalization Law on non-nationals (Act on settlement) One condition: passing exam DL2 and Knowledge of Dutch Society WIB (Immigration Act) Before arrival WI (Act on Citizenship) After arrival 1. Nederland: Jeanne 2. België: Tania

Citizenship: Program Knowledge of Dutch Society History, geography, health, education, job market and work Dutch L2 New arrivals: A2 o+w Long term residents: A2 oral, A1 written Practicing functional competence in Dutch Knowledge of Dutch Society History, politics, geography, health, education, job market and work Individual coaching Orientation on vocational, educational and social level Dutch L2 A1 oral and written 1. België: Tania `2. Nederland: Jeanne

Citizenship: Requirements No exam Exam Home country Dutch L2: oral A1- Knowledge Dutch Society Phone test Nederland: Jeanne

Citizenship: Exams No exam Centre for civil integration (settlement policy) grants certificate in case of frequent attendance Exam WI Practice test with portfolio and/or assessment Dutch L2 (phone test plus computer test) Knowledge of Dutch Society (computer test) 1, Nederland: Jeanne 2. België: Tania

Citizenship: Who pays ? 1. België: Tania 2. Nederland: Willemijn Government: Ministry of Education & Work pays: Dutch L2 orientation on professional level Ministry of Civil Integration (settlement policy) pays: Social integration, individual coaching and orientation on educational & social level New arrivals: Compulsory attendance: pay safeguard Voluntary attendance: pay a part In principle: newcomer pays own citizenship courses unless they belong to a specific group, local authorities pay for caretakers jobless 1. België: Tania 2. Nederland: Willemijn

Flowers for the Netherlands Willemijn

We sent them to the minister Thanks Willemijn: She couldn’t write her message herself so she has looked for a friend who could write Dutch very well The Netherlands for everyzing I am allowed to learn

Literacy DL2: Positioning in Context CEFR Framework DL2 and literacy DL2 based on the CEFR of Languages, levels: - 1.1. Breakthrough 1.2. Waystage Framework DL2 Portfolio Dutch L2 Framework Literacy DL2 Nederland: Willemijn CEFR: Common European Framework for References of Languages (European Council, 2001) 2. België: Tania

Literacy DL2: participants Mainly from Morocco (Berbers) Afghanistan Iraq Ghana Sierra Leone Thailand Turkey Congo Burundi Tania

Literacy DL2: Intake Intake interview about expectations, aims and obligations Intake tests TIWI Intake tests for illiterates and low- educated L2 learners Houses of Dutch: Cognitive intake test for literate L2 learners Refer to schools Schools: - Intake talk about expectations, aims and obligations - Intake tests (differ per school) 1. België: Tania 2. Nederland: Willemijn

DL2: Aims and Framework 3 modules for civic integration (180 h) Framework DL2 Level 1.1 (A1) 3 modules for civic integration (180 h) 4 modules for others (240 h) Level 1.2 (A2) 3 modules (240 h) Key skills Attitudes Learning and communication strategies Framework DL2 5 levels: A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 Oral (listening, speaking, conversation) Written (reading and writing) Functional aims 1. Nederland: Willemijn 2. België: Inge

Literacy DL2: Aims and Framework Framework Literacy DL2 3 levels: A, B, C(=A1) Oral (listening, speaking, conversation Written (reading and writing) Functional skills Technical skills Framework Literacy DL2 Level 1.1 (A1) 10 modules (600 h) Level 1.2 (A2) 6 modules (360 h) Key skills Attitudes Learning- and communication strategies 1. België: Inge 2. Nederland: Jeanne

Literacy courses DL2: Content Functional written Dutch in personal context Decoding skills and fluency Functional oral skills Vocabulary Functional speech acts Jeanne

Literacy DL2: Perspectives Vocational perspective Social perspective Educational perspective Work OGO Education Health care Upbringing 1. België: Inge 2. Nederland: Jeanne

Literacy DL2: Course Material Reading and writing course material: ready-made programs computer-assisted Course materials oral Dutch: Self-made material Ready-made material Reading and writing course material: ready-made programs; textbooks computer-assisted Course material oral Dutch Authentic documents Portfolio L2 Literacy Methodology - code-related - functional 1. Nederland: Jeanne 2. België: Inge

Literacy DL2: Teacher qualifications No specific L2 qualification Qualification for primary education (general) Qualified teacher of languages secondary education Specific certificate for others without teaching qualification but with experience No specific L2 qualification Degree higher education or university with teaching qualification Specific certificate for others without teaching qualification but with experience 1. België: Inge 2. Nederland: Jeanne

Literacy DL2: Evaluation and Assessment No exam in civil integration (settlement policy) No standardized exams for literacy DL2 Emphasis on permanent evaluation ‘ Inburgeringstoets’ Test of Citizenship: Dutch L2 Portfolio Literacy DL2 Checklists/dossier 1. Nederland: Jeanne 2. België: Inge

Kwaku’s first letter I hope so everything okay Jeanne of Willemijn