Propaganda “No matter how big the lie; repeat it often enough and the masses will regard it as the truth.” ― John F. Kennedy “In wartime, truth is so precious that she should always be attended by a bodyguard of lies.” ― Winston Churchill

Your Turn How do you get people to do what you want them to do? Manipulation How did you do it? Why did you do it?

Propaganda and WW2 Government sponsored manipulation is called propaganda K.S Chart

KSW chart—WW2 Propaganda Know So What? (why does this matter to you?)

Guided Notes I’m going to pass out guided notes. I’ve left off the essential information…and given you the explanation Fill in the blank

Propaganda--defined information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely by an organization or person to help or harm a person, group, movement. One of the key features of propaganda is that it most often (almost always, in fact) taps into the power that images have to reach us on an unconscious ( unaware) level. Propaganda’s cousin is advertising. Is everything that someone says propaganda? What distinguishes propaganda from information, aside from the fact that it is often disinformation, is that it is calculated to appeal to the emotions and circumvent rational judgment. One of the key features of propaganda is that it most often (almost always, in fact) taps into the power that images have to reach us on an unconscious level. You may be familiar with propaganda’s rich cousin, advertising.

Quick check-in…unconscious and emotive in pictures I bet you already know how to evaluate images If you understand these, you know propaganda

Propaganda Is anything left out of the definition? What is the difference between gossip, bullying and propaganda?

Common objectives Why propaganda in WW2 Getting men to fight as soldiers Raising money to pay for the war Stop people from complaining Conserve (save) resources Get citizens to support the war effort

Common Tools Demonization—enemy/others as evil, bad Emotional appeals—playing on feelings Name calling—words to encourage hate Patriotic appeals—patriotic words or symbols Half-truths and lies—deception or twisting truth Catchy slogan—memorable phrases Evocative visuals—images appeal to emotions Humor or caricatures—image is funny or stupid

Propaganda Is there anything left off the list…or anything you would rename Discuss with the person next to you There are other names for propaganda techniques, especially when used for advertising Assertion, Bandwagon, card-stacking, glittering generalities, lesser of two evils, name calling, pinpointing the enemy, plain folks, stereotyping, testimonials, transfer

How to spread propaganda What types of communication(sending and receiving messages) were there in the 1930s and 1940s? What was the best way to spread information and why? Discuss with a neighbor Newspaper, film, radio, posters, letters, phone

The Eternal Jew—Nazi propaganda http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Ho_ZFNY0I4&bpctr=1365116404

Triumph of the Will(1935) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WmYVs86dfQA

U.S. Propaganda Japanese internment Cartoons

Film Advantages of film? Disadvantages of film? What could work better and why? Posters, music---to masses everywhere, cheap

Propaganda What Tools and Objectives are used? Is propaganda similar or different from one country to another? Why? What images do they use? What emotion are they trying to elicit?

“Shame on you, chatterer. The enemy is listening. Silence is your duty

WWI

Your Turn Last look together and then you will have a chance to work with posters

Worksheet Description to identify poster Common objective Tools used—hint, 3! Pass out worksheet after review Food will win the war Conservation of resources Half-truths—food won’t win the war Emotional appeals—word freedom Visual symbols—Statue of liberty/common folk-immigrants/rainbow

Worksheet Brief Description of poster or phrase on poster used to identify the poster Common Objectives of Wartime Propaganda Tools used in Wartime Propaganda Food Will Win the War Conservation of resources necessary to wage war: Food Half-truths and lies: Food will not win the war   Emotional Appeals: The word “freedom is used in a context to encourage people to support the war Visual Symbols: statue of liberty, rainbow  

Stop Now it’s your turn to try to figure out the techniques used in U.S. Propaganda Pair up with someone One worksheet per pair Use pen or pencil Not yet…there are more instructions…………

Instructions Walk around for a minute and view the posters Pick two (2) to review---if the poster is very popular, don’t wait around, move to another poster Complete the chart for your posters We’ll go over some posters and see how you did Ask me at least one relevant question and you can start

Portrayal of the Enemy Objective, tools? WWII

Portrayal of the Enemy Objectives, tools> WWII

WWII

Propaganda and The Portrayal of Women Questions to consider What are the different images of women? Are there positive images? Are there negative images? What activities do the posters encourage women to do? Would those posters be the same today or would they be different?

WWII

WWII

Portrayal of Women – various images, activities, positive, negative, today. Objectives, tools WWII

Portrayal of Women – various images, activities, positive, negative, today. WWII

Encouraging Actions What actions do they encourage people to do? What actions for soldiers? What actions for people on the Home Front? Why are those actions important?

Encouraging Actions – What actions for soldiers or on the Home Front? WWII

Encouraging Actions – What actions for soldiers or on the Home Front? WWII

WWII

Encouraging Actions – What actions for soldiers or on the Home Front? WWII

WWII

WWII

Propaganda Tools and Objectives? What actions do they discourage people to do? Why were those actions important for people to avoid?

WWII

WWII

WWII ?

Remade Posters What is the basic message? Are these appropriate or should the government be able to limit this negative speech because it may hurt our troops?

Remade WWII posters – Original with remade one.

Remade WWII posters – Original with remade one. The SA was the original Nazi group. They wore brown shirts. The original supporters of Mussolini were called the Black Shirts

Remade WWII posters – Original with remade one.

Remade WWII posters – Original with remade one.

Remade WWII posters – Original with remade one.

Close reading—music Read through and underline anything interesting Share what you underlined with a peer/group of peers Develop questions or observations you have about the reading on the right hand side of the paper Decide if this is propaganda: if so, reason for the propaganda and tools used Class discussion

Art Using one or more of the objectives and tools, create a button or small poster for the current war in Afghanistan Or, using one of the tools, create a button or poster about Hamilton High School .