Photosynthesis Grade 7th Anderson

Daily E.Q- How do cells use nutrients to carry out life’s processes? Create word splash with what you already know about the word “Photosynthesis”

Photosynthesis Share examples of photosynthesis on white board. What is it? The process through which green plants and some other organisms use the energy of the sunlight to make food Also the process through which carbon dioxide and water is used to produce glucose and oxygen.

What is photosynthesis? Plants’ leaves contain chlorophyll Chlorophyll (green color) makes photosynthesis possible

Photosynthesis Cells need energy to live, grow, and reproduce. For most cells, that energy comes from the Sun. Photosynthesis occurs in stages, but the overall equation is summarized on the next slide .

Photosynthesis Equation

The chlorophyll absorbs the sunlight.

The sunlight is combined with water, Carbon Dioxide and nutrients from the soil.

The chlorophyll processes the ingredients and makes sugar (plant food) and oxygen. Sugar + Air O2

Plants and animals need each other to survive.

Animals including humans make the CO2 (carbon dioxide) plants need Animals including humans make the CO2 (carbon dioxide) plants need. They (the plants) make the O2 (oxygen) and food we need.

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Fermentation Def.- Process by which plants capture light energy from sun and convert it into sugar Def. Process of producing ATP energy in the cell from oxygen and glucose: releases carbon dioxide and water. Def. The breakdown of sugars to make ATP energy in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic respiration). Formula: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + sunlight----- C6 H12 O6+ 6 O2 Formula: C6H1206 + 6 O2 -------- 6 CO2 + 6 H20 2 Types: Lactic Acid Fermentation Alcohol Fermentation Where it occurs? Chloroplast of plant cell (chlorophyll) Mitochondria of plant and animal cell Cytoplasm of plant and animal cell Reactants = Products H2O+CO2=C6H1206+O2 Water+Carbon Dioxide= Glucose+Oxygen C6H12O6+O2=H2O=CO2 Glucose+ADP=Lactic Acid+ATP (lactic acid fermentation) Glucose+ADP=lactic acid+ethanol+CO2+ATP (alcohol fermentation) How is it related to cellular respiration? Opposite process How is it related to photosynthesis? Opposite process How is it related to cellular respiration? All living things use both processes to release energy stored in food and produces waste. Energy Source: SUN Users- plants and plant-like protists Energy Source: Food- All living things breathe! Energy Source: Food- Users-Consumers. Foods made: Bacteria and yeast

Animations Holt Science Bookhttp://www.hrw.com/

T.O.D Photosynthesis takes place in Nuclei Vacuoles Chloroplasts What is photosynthesis? The process by which plants make food. The process through which cells obtain energy The process through which the Sun transmits energy. The process through which cells grow and divide. Photosynthesis takes place in Nuclei Vacuoles Chloroplasts mitochondria

Bell ringer Make a list of the reasons why a cell might need energy. Remember there are many types of cells doing many different jobs.

Cellular Respiration The food you eat has to be broken down so that the energy it contains can be converted into a form your cells can use. All organisms break down food molecules in order to release the stored energy. One way uses oxygen and is called cellular respiration.

Cellular Respiration What is it? The process through which glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water; the process through which cells break down simple food molecules to release stored energy.

Cellular Respiration Plants store energy in the food they produce through photosynthesis. Plants and organisms get energy from the food that plants make. To get this energy cells break down simple food molecules to release stored energy in the cellular respiration process.

Cellular Respiration Chemical Equation Notice any thing about equation? It is the exact opposite of photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Fermentation Def.- Process by which plants capture light energy from sun and convert it into sugar Def. Process of producing ATP energy in the cell from oxygen and glucose: releases carbon dioxide and water. Def. The breakdown of sugars to make ATP energy in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic respiration). Formula: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + sunlight----- C6 H12 O6+ 6 O2 Formula: C6H1206 + 6 O2 -------- 6 CO2 + 6 H20 2 Types: Lactic Acid Fermentation Alcohol Fermentation Where it occurs? Chloroplast of plant cell (chlorophyll) Mitochondria of plant and animal cell Cytoplasm of plant and animal cell Reactants = Products H2O+CO2=C6H1206+O2 Water+Carbon Dioxide= Glucose+Oxygen C6H12O6+O2=H2O=CO2 Glucose+ADP=Lactic Acid+ATP (lactic acid fermentation) Glucose+ADP=lactic acid+ethanol+CO2+ATP (alcohol fermentation) How is it related to cellular respiration? Opposite process How is it related to photosynthesis? Opposite process How is it related to cellular respiration? All living things use both processes to release energy stored in food and produces waste. Energy Source: SUN Users- plants and plant-like protists Energy Source: Food- All living things breathe! Energy Source: Food- Users-Consumers. Foods made: Bacteria and yeast

Fermentation Another way organisms break down food molecules to release stored energy is called fermentation. Process of obtaining energy without using oxygen.

Fermentation One type of fermentation occurs in muscle cells after strenuous activity. During activity the muscle cells uses up oxygen faster than it can be replaced. In order to obtain energy, the cells conduct lactic acid fermentation.

Fermentation Another type of fermentation occurs in yeast and some other unicellular organisms that break down sugars. This type is known as alcohol fermentation because alcohol is produced in the process.

Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Fermentation Def.- Process by which plants capture light energy from sun and convert it into sugar Def. Process of producing ATP energy in the cell from oxygen and glucose: releases carbon dioxide and water. Def. The breakdown of sugars to make ATP energy in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic respiration). Formula: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + sunlight----- C6 H12 O6+ 6 O2 Formula: C6H1206 + 6 O2 -------- 6 CO2 + 6 H20 2 Types: Lactic Acid Fermentation Alcohol Fermentation Where it occurs? Chloroplast of plant cell (chlorophyll) Mitochondria of plant and animal cell Cytoplasm of plant and animal cell Reactants = Products H2O+CO2=C6H1206+O2 Water+Carbon Dioxide= Glucose+Oxygen C6H12O6+O2=H2O=CO2 Glucose+ADP=Lactic Acid+ATP (lactic acid fermentation) Glucose+ADP=lactic acid+ethanol+CO2+ATP (alcohol fermentation) How is it related to cellular respiration? Opposite process How is it related to photosynthesis? Opposite process How is it related to cellular respiration? All living things use both processes to release energy stored in food and produces waste. Energy Source: SUN Users- plants and plant-like protists Energy Source: Food- All living things breathe! Energy Source: Food- Users-Consumers. Foods made: Bacteria and yeast

Summary Photosynthesis, cellular respiration, and fermentation are processes necessary for the survival of organisms. Cells need to be supplied with the food produced during photosynthesis. They need to remove wastes produced during cellular respiration

Guided/Independent Practice Photosynthesis Reinforcement Worksheet Put your name on the paper Lets do the first one together. Turn in when finished

T.O.D 1. Which of these is required for cellular respiration? Carbon dioxide Water Oxygen Light 2. Fermentation differs from cellular respiration in that it Results in the production of sugar Takes place without oxygen Breaks down sugars in cells Occurs only in plant