Repaso de gramática Capítulos uno y dos

Subject Pronouns yo I nosotros(as) we tú you vosotros(as) you (all) él he ellos they ella she ellas they (f.) usted you ustedes you (all)

ser yo soy nosotros(as) somos tú eres vosotros(as) sois él es ellos son ella es ellas son usted es ustedes son

Acentos If a word ends with a vowel, n or s, the stress falls on the next to the last syllable (no accent needed). If a word ends in a consonant other than n or s, the stress falls on the last syllable (no accent needed). If you hear stress on a syllable other than the last or next to last syllable, an accent is needed.

Accents can change meaning. sí yes si if tú you tu your

Definite Articles There are four ways to say the in Spanish. el used with a masculine, singular noun la used with a feminine, singular noun los used with a masculine, plural noun las used with a feminine, plural noun

Noun-Adjective Agreement All nouns are either masculine or feminine. Adjectives have to agree with nouns in gender and number. Adjectives usually follow nouns. el helado delicioso the delicious ice cream la muchacha rubia the blond girl los deportes divertidos the fun sports las fiestas buenas the good parties

Questions Words ¿Cómo? how, what ¿Cuándo? when ¿Cuánto(a, os, as) how many, how much ¿Quién? who ¿Quiénes? who (plural) ¿Qué? what ¿De dónde? from where ¿Cuál? what, which ¿Por qué? why Remember that porque means because (1 word, no accent).

gustar – to like (to be pleasing) Conjugate gustar in the third person singular and plural to say you like something. Remember, unlike English, the subject is what is liked, not who likes it or them. gusta gustan

gustar Use “the” before the thing that is pleasing. Me gusta la pizza. I like pizza. Me gusta el helado. I like ice cream. Me gustan los deportes. I like sports. Me gustan las fiestas. I like parties.

Indirect Object Pronouns me – to me nos – to us te – to you os – to you (all) le – to him les – to them to her to them (f.) to you to you (all)

Using gustar with pronouns me gusta it is pleasing to me I like... te gusta it is pleasing to you (singular, familiar) you like... le gusta it is pleasing to him, her or you (formal) he, she, you like... nos gusta it is pleasing to us we like... os gusta it is pleasing to all of you (Spain) you (all) like... les gusta it is pleasing to them or you (formal, plural) they like... or you (all) like

Making sentences negative. When making a sentence negative, the word no is placed before the verb. No estoy bien. I’m not well. No soy perezoso(a). I’m not lazy. With the verb gustar, no goes before the pronoun. No me gustan las verduras. I don’t like vegetables. ¿No te gusta la pizza? Don’t you like pizza? No, or No. = no No, no me gustan las hamburguesas. No, I don’t like hamburgers.

mucho, muy & más Don’t use muy and mucho together. muy very mucho much, a lot más more Soy muy inteligente. I’m very intelligent. Me gusta mucho el helado. I like ice cream a lot. Me gustan más las frutas. I like fruit more.

de Use de to say where someone is from, what type of thing it is, or to show possession. (There is no apostrophe s in Spanish.) de of or from Roberto es de México. Roberto is from Mexico. Es el carro de Roberto. It’s Roberto’s car. Es un libro de amor. It’s a romance novel. (It’s a book of love.)

de + the When saying of the or from the in Spanish, you must use the correct form of the. de + el become del El videojuego del muchacho es divertido. The boy’s video game is fun. La clase de la profesora es interesante. The teacher’s class is interesting. Los carros de los (or las) estudiantes no son muy buenos. The student’s cars are not very good.