Exam Date Wednesday 7 November 2012 REVISION GUIDE Understanding and Producing Non-Fiction Texts (Foundation) You will need the Foundation insert to accompany this guide.

Section A: Reading Exam Tip: Read questions 1a and 1b, then read source 1 and then answer the questions. Read question 2, then read source 2 and then answer the question. Read question 3, then read source 3 and then answer the question. Question 4 will ask you to compare presentational devices and their effects in any two of the sources. You choose which sources you use. Underline/annotate the texts as you read them. You will... Read 3 non-fiction texts (sources 1, 2, and 3) Answer 4 questions (question 1 is split into 2 parts) Spend up to 1 hour and 15 minutes reading the texts and answering the questions.

Question 1a 1a It is worth 4 marks. You should spend 1-2 minutes answering this question. This question requires you to find and list fours bits of information from you have learned from the text. Read the question carefully, so that you know which bits of information you need to find. Make sure that what you write down is clear and the examiner can understand what you mean. This is not a PEE question, therefore you do not need to write anything else other than the correct information. Complete the tasks on the next page...

Read Source 1, the webpage article called Jamie Oliver’s school dinners shown to have improved academic results and answer the questions below. 1a List four things you learn about healthier school dinners in Greenwich. (4 marks) 1.They improved pupils’ test results 2.________________________________ 3.________________________________ 4. ________________________________ 1.Read source 1 of the insert. 2.Answer the question below. The first one has been done for you. 1.Read source 1 of the insert. 2.Answer the question below. The first one has been done for you.

Question 1b Complete the tasks on the next page... This question will always require you to respond to Source 1 only. It is worth 4 marks. You should spend 6 minutes answering this question. Aim to write about 2-3 different bits of information (make 2-3 PEE points). You must find and summarise information in your own words, using short quotations as evidence. This is not a language question; do not analyse the language.

2.What was Jamie Oliver’s reaction to the research about his school dinners? (4 marks) One of Jamie Oliver’s reactions to the research about his school dinners was that it was “fantastic!” showing that he was pleased with the results. Another reaction he had was... 3.Continue and complete this response by adding an additional 1-2 points. Remember to... Use mostly you own words. Include short relevant quotations. Interpret meaning from the words used in the text. 3.Continue and complete this response by adding an additional 1-2 points. Remember to... Use mostly you own words. Include short relevant quotations. Interpret meaning from the words used in the text. Short embedded quotation Structured response (adding connective) Interprets meaning Begins by using the wording in the exam question 1.Read source 1 of the insert. 2.Read the student’s response and comments to the question below. 1.Read source 1 of the insert. 2.Read the student’s response and comments to the question below. 1b

Question 2 Complete the tasks on the next page... This question will always require you to respond to Source 2 only. It is worth 8 marks. You should spend minutes answering this question. Aim to write about 4-6 different bits of information. You must find and summarise information in your own words, using short quotations as evidence. This is not a language question; do not analyse the language. And do not copy large chunks of the text. This question tests EXACTLY the same skills as question 1b. IT IS WORTH DOUBLE THE MARKS, SO WRITE TWICE AS MUCH AS YOU DID FOR QUESTION 1B!!

Now read Source 2, the charity webpage Sponsor a girl today and answer the question below. 3 What reasons are given to persuade the reader to sponsor a girl? (8 marks) In source 2, one of the reasons that is given to persuade the reader to sponsor a girl is to help the girls to gain “access to a decent education”. This suggests that the girls have been discriminated against and denied a good standard of education. Another reason is... 3.Continue and complete this response by adding an additional 2-4 points. Remember to... Use mostly you own words. Include short relevant quotations. Interpret meaning from the words used in the text. 3.Continue and complete this response by adding an additional 2-4 points. Remember to... Use mostly you own words. Include short relevant quotations. Interpret meaning from the words used in the text. Short embedded quotation Structured response (adding connective) Interprets meaning Begins by using the wording in the exam question 1.Read source 2 of the insert. 2.Read the student’s response and comments to the question below. 1.Read source 2 of the insert. 2.Read the student’s response and comments to the question below.

Question 3 This question will always require you to respond to Source 3 only. It is worth 12 marks. You should spend minutes answering this question. This question will be divided into two parts for example: How does the writer use language: - to inform? - to advise ? You should aim to write 2-3 PEE paragraphs for each part. This is a language analysis question. So you will be expected to comment on the effect of words used in the text. Complete the tasks on the next page... Useful phrases for PEE paragraphs: Point: One of the ways the writer uses language to... Evidence: The is shown by the words “...” Explanation: This suggests... Readers may feel... This question is NOT about presentation devices. So do NOT comment on presentation. Key Language Devices Facts and statistics Opinions Emotive language Anecdote Rhetorical questions Direct / common address(you/we) Rule of three Imagery (similes etc) Formal/informal/slang Technical jargon Imperatives/commands Punctuation for effect Sentence structure Alliteration Lists Reassuring tone Superlatives Etc

Now read Source 3, an extract from an advice leaflet called Getting on with your Teenager and answer the question below. 4 How does the writer use language: - to inform the reader about teenagers and - to advise parents and carers? (12 marks) Firstly, the writer uses language to inform readers about teenagers by stating opinions to show he understands the problems teenagers and parents face. “It’s not always fun being a teenager and it’s not always fun being one”. By showing that he understands both the parents’ and teenagers’ point of view, readers will accept his advice because he’s not being biased. Also the second part of the sentence “it’s not always fun being one” will make parents take notice of how their teenager feels. Another example of language used to inform readers is... 3.Continue and complete this response by adding an additional 1 more PEE to show how the language informs and 2 PEEs to show how the language advises parents. Remember to... Keep your response structured. Use PEE. Explain the effect on readers. 3.Continue and complete this response by adding an additional 1 more PEE to show how the language informs and 2 PEEs to show how the language advises parents. Remember to... Keep your response structured. Use PEE. Explain the effect on readers. Short relevant quotation Develops explanation Connective used to structure response 1.Read source 3 of the insert. 2.Read the student’s response and comments to the question below. 1.Read source 3 of the insert. 2.Read the student’s response and comments to the question below. Effect on the reader Point made is linked to the question

Question 4 This question will always require you to respond to two out of the three texts. It is worth 12 marks. You should spend minutes answering this question. You must compare two texts by analysing the effects of the writer’s use of presentation devices. Use PEE to structure your response. Key Presentation Devices Images (drawings, photos etc) Bold text Font style Headlines/sub-headlines Text boxes (a box with words inside) Colour Bullet points Logos Decorative features Layout Etc Complete the tasks on the next page... Connectives Similarities: Similar to... Similarly... Just like... Equally... Differences: In contrast... However... Unlike.... On the other hand...

Now look again at all three sources. Choose two of these sources and compare the presentational features. Remember to: - write about the way the sources are presented - compare how they look. (12 marks) One of most significant differences between source 2 and source 3 is that source 2 makes use of colour (especially pink) whereas source 3 only uses black and white. The colour is effective in source 2 as the pink is bright and eye-catching,but is also quite a girly colour which reminds readers that they are saving young girls. Also pink contrasts with the black background at the top; black reflects the negative lives that the girls have. The lack of colour in source 3 may have been done to appeal to parents of either gender (mums and dads) additionally Black and white also suggests that the topic is a serious one. Both texts make effective use of images... 4.Continue and complete this response by adding an additional 3-5 similarities/differences. Remember to... Use Point, Evidence and Explanation. Develop and analyse the effect of the presentation devices. Identify similarities and differences between both texts. 4.Continue and complete this response by adding an additional 3-5 similarities/differences. Remember to... Use Point, Evidence and Explanation. Develop and analyse the effect of the presentation devices. Identify similarities and differences between both texts. Developed analysis. 1.Read the student’s response and comments to the question below. Effect on the reader Presentation devise Uses comparison connectives to signal comparison.

Section B: Writing Exam Tip: Why not try completing the long writing task first! If you run out of time, you will have gained more marks on this task than the short writing task. You will... Respond to 2 Questions. 1.Short writing task (16 marks) 2.Long writing task (24 marks) Spend up to 1 hour and 5 minutes planning, writing and checking your responses. 25 minutes on the short task. 35 minutes on the long task. 5 minutes for checking and correcting.

Persuade Emotive language (Appealing to readers’ emotions eg. guilt) Anecdote (A brief account of the writer’s personal experience) Facts & statistics (True statements/ percentages etc) Opinions (A personal belief, often stated as fact) Rule of three Addressing readers directly (2 nd person pronoun) (you, your) Hyperbole (Deliberate exaggeration for effect) Superlatives (Stating that something is the ‘greatest’ or the ‘worst’ etc.) Imperatives Instructions or demands eg. ‘stand up’ ‘go to the...’ Alliteration Eg. ‘Sea, surf and sun’ FlatteryRepetition (Words or phrases repeated Descriptions (Adjectives, similes etc) Rhetorical questions Quotations from experts Inform/Explain Facts & statistics (True statements/ percentages etc) 6 Ws (who, what, where, when, why, how) Rhetorical questions Opinions (A personal belief) Anecdote (A brief account of the writer’s personal experience) Descriptions (adjectives, adverbs, smiles etc). You will gain marks for your ability to engage your reader in a way that suits the purpose. Informal or formal? Humorous or serious? This will depend on who you are writing for (audience). Informal or formal? Humorous or serious? This will depend on who you are writing for (audience).

You will gain marks for organisation and structure Topic Sentence (Possibly with an adding connective) In addition... Another point is... As well as... Supporting Evidence (Possibly with an illustrating connective) Evidence Facts Opinion(s) Examples Anecdote Evidence Facts Opinion(s) Examples Anecdote Connectives For example... This is shown by... Such as... Connectives For example... This is shown by... Such as... Explanation (Possibly with an illustrating connective) Connectives This means that... Significantly... Therefore... Consequently... As a result of this... Connectives This means that... Significantly... Therefore... Consequently... As a result of this... Explanation Give reasons Describe Explain the impact of your evidence. Explanation Give reasons Describe Explain the impact of your evidence. Close Links back to the main idea in the topic sentence. Perfect Paragraphs!

Use all of these types of sentences Minor sentence (1-2 words sentence) Complex sentence (remember to use comma(s)) A sentence containing a list Compound sentence Simple sentence Question ! Exclamation Mark ‘s apostrophe ( ) Brackets ; Semicolon : Colon ? Question Mark TIP: Use an illustrating, emphasising or qualifying connective in every full paragraph. This will help you to develop and extend your paragraphs. You will gain marks for using a range of sentences and punctuation

Section B: Writing 6.Primary purpose of Writing to Inform or Explain Section B: Writing 6.Primary purpose of Writing to Inform or Explain 6.Write a letter to your head teacher explaining how to improve your school or college. Remember to: write a letter explain the things that would make your school or college better. (16 marks) This main purpose of this task is to explain. It is also a letter so you will be expected to use features of letter writing. Eg. Dear Mr Parker, Practice the writing skills by answering the writing question above. Aim to write about 3-5 paragraphs. Spend no longer than 25 minutes. Plan before your write.

Section B: Writing 7.Primary purpose of Writing to Persuade Section B: Writing 7.Primary purpose of Writing to Persuade 7.Write the text for a leaflet to persuade young people in your area to take part in a sponsored event for charity. The leaflet should be about: the sponsored event of your choice which charity the event is for why young people should support the charity. Remember to: write a leaflet use language and techniques to persuade. (24 marks) Practice the writing skills by answering the writing question above. Aim to write about 4-5 paragraphs. Spend no longer than 35 minutes. Plan before your write. Although this is a leaflet, your response should be a written text – DO NOT DRAW PICTURES! You can use other presentation devices such as bullet pointed lists (no more than four bullet points).

Spend 5 minutes... Checking your writing (spelling and punctuation). Make any necessary changes.

Still want more? The following links may prove helpful: sh/ sh/ Please note, however, that these are not geared as specifically towards your particular examination as this revision guide is – use with care…