1 Operational Strategy and Climate Change Operational Programs

2 The Focal Areas of the GEF l Biodiversity l Climate Change l International Waters l Ozone Depletion (only countries in transition) l And Land Degradation as it relates to the above focal areas.

3 Ten Operational Principles The GEF will function under the guidance of, and be accountable to the CoPs. Provide new and additional, grant and concessional funding to meet agreed global environmental benefits. Ensure the cost-effectiveness of its activities to maximize global environmental benefits

4 Ten Operational Principles (cont.) Fund projects that are country-driven and based on national priorities to support sustainable development. Maintain flexibility to respond to changing circumstances. Fully disclose all non-confidential information.

5 Ten Operational Principles (cont.) Provide for consultation with and participation of beneficiaries and affected groups of people. Eligibility requirements are set by CoPs. Emphasize its catalytic role and leverage additional financing from other sources. Ensure that its projects and programs are monitored and evaluated regularly.

6 Types of Eligible Projects l Enabling Activities l Short-term Response Measures l Operational Programs, which address long- term priorities of the Convention

7 Enabling Activities l Defined as planning and endogenous capacity building (institutional strengthening, training, research & education) to facilitate implementation of effective response measures. l Priority was on Enabling Activities for the Preparation of Initial National Communications l Expedited Procedures, top-ups and full projects l Largest portfolio (number of projects), small total allocations, dominates relations with Convention.

8 Short-Term Response Measures -- Small portfolio; Criteria for project review: ¬ High Country Priority ­ High likelihood of success ® Cost-effectiveness of better than US$ 10/TC -- Most like CDM, PCF projects

9 Biodiversity Operational Programmes (OPs) 1.Arid and semi-arid ecosystems 2.Coastal, marine and freshwater ecosystems 3.Forest ecosystems 4.Mountain ecosystems

10 Climate Change Operational Programmes (OPs) 5. Removing barriers to energy conservation and energy efficiency 6.Promoting the adoption of renewable energy by removing barriers and reducing implementation costs 7.Reducing the long-term costs of low greenhouse gas emitting energy technologies 11.Promoting environmentally sustainable transport

11 International Waters OPs 8.Water body-based program 9.Integrated land and water multiple focal areas 10.Contaminant-based program

12 New Operational Programs l Integrated Ecosystem Management (Multi-Focal -- No. 12) l Agricultural Biodiversity? (Biodiversity -- No. 14) l Capacity Development? (Multi-Focal -- No. 15)

13 Scope of OP 5 (par. 5.8) a Electricity production & distribution b Industrial energy consumption c Manufacturing processes d Effective use of energy-intensive materials e Combined heat and power technologies f Manufacture of energy-efficient equipment g Rural and agro-processing industries h Passive heating and cooling; commercial buildings; district heating & cooling

14 Scope of OP 6 (par. 6.10) a Mechanical wind pumps b Low-temperature solar thermal heat c Biomass and geothermal heat d wind, biomass, PV, small-hydro (rural electricity supply) e grid-connected renewable energy f storage systems g biogas digesters

15 Scope of OP 7 (par. 7.7) a Grid-connected PV b Biomass Gasifiers and gas turbines c Solar Thermal (Parabolic Troughs) d Large-scale grid-connected Wind power e Fuel Cells for distributed combined heat & power applications

16 Scope of OP 11 (Sustainable Transport) a Modal Shifts to more efficient and less polluting forms of public and freight transport b Non-motorized transport c Fuel-cell or battery operated 2- and 3- wheelers d Fuel-cell or battery operated vehicles for public transport and goods delivery e IC-engine-electric hybrid buses f Advanced Biomass to Liquid Fuels Conversion

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18 Climate Change emphasis l Assess the economic scope of energy conservation or renewable energy technologies l Estimate how much the project will reduce greenhouse gases l Identify all key barriers l Propose measures to remove barriers, and estimate their costs, and l Demonstrate the sustainability of win-win projects