Towards a European Research Area October, 19 – 21, 2005, Speyer, Germany Towards a European Research Area October, 19 – 21, 2005, Speyer, Germany INTERNATIONAL vs. NATIONAL RESEARCH PROGRAMMES – THE NEED OF SYNERGY Jacek T. GIERLIŃSKI & Jerzy M. LANGER MSIST, Warsaw, Poland Jacek T. GIERLIŃSKI & Jerzy M. LANGER MSIST, Warsaw, Poland

International collaboration – why? A vision for Europe Strategic objectives Key actors The problems and barriers – FP6 Forthcoming initiatives – FP7 What else should and could be done? Conclusions International collaboration – why? A vision for Europe Strategic objectives Key actors The problems and barriers – FP6 Forthcoming initiatives – FP7 What else should and could be done? Conclusions THE KEYNOTE TOPICS

Health and longevity Safety & security Sustainable growth (environment, climate changes, culture) The Asian growth– need for peaceful coexistence Health and longevity Safety & security Sustainable growth (environment, climate changes, culture) The Asian growth– need for peaceful coexistence KEY CHALLENGES FOR EUROPE

Lisbon strategy - ERA Barcelona target Vim Kok’s report Baroso - Lisbon revisited Open Method of Coordination vs Union regulatory power : common aims and guidelines, indicators and best practices still valid Lisbon strategy - ERA Barcelona target Vim Kok’s report Baroso - Lisbon revisited Open Method of Coordination vs Union regulatory power : common aims and guidelines, indicators and best practices still valid KEY STEPS

EUROPEAN R&D CHALLENGES Reinforcing excellence, especially in new, fast-growing research areas Staying ahead in a world of growing scientific and technological competition Linking science to technological innovation Competing for talent Encouraging greater investment Frontier Research: The European Challenge, HLEG, EC, Feb2005

NEW EUROPEAN RENAISSANCE Europe without top research and education cannot meet the challenges of the XXI Century. And this top research cannot be achieved without a concerted R&D policy at both national and European levels. The EU members have a wealth of highly-qualified scientists. So do the candidate countries. The brains Europe needs are there. ROMANO PRODI, "AN ENLARGED EUROPE FOR RESEARCHERS", BRUSSELS, JUNE 2001 Ironically, Europe has no problem putting together excellent football teams consisting of players from several EU countries. Putting together excellent research teams seems much harder.

JOINT INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATIONS source: 2nd European Report on S&T Indicators EC

JOINT PUBLICATIONS with the USA with the EU with the USA with the EU source: 2nd European Report on S&T Indicators EC Hungary - 8 times Poland - 6 times Hungary, Poland 5 times

MOBILITY BETWEEN PASCI AND EUROPE (IN %)

HOW DO THEY WORK AND PUBLISH? JOURNALPapers analysed authors/ paper Institutions/ paper Nature v ,86 ± 0,733,42 ± 0,17 Science v ,70 ± 0,433,49 ± 0,15 Phys.Rev. B 71 June ,99 ± 0,252,26 ± 0,14 Phys.Rev. C 71 June ,9 ± 6,64,39 ± 0,88 Astroparticle Physics v ,5 ± 9,64,67 ± 1,17 Courtesy - Prof. A. K Wróblewski

Enhances effectiveness of research ≥ 2 Creates European added value: - international competition - critical mass - reduced duplication Improves science sector in MS (e.g. Centres & Networks of Excellence) Raises attractiveness of scientific career Creates opportunities to participate in scientific discoveries Enhances effectiveness of research ≥ 2 Creates European added value: - international competition - critical mass - reduced duplication Improves science sector in MS (e.g. Centres & Networks of Excellence) Raises attractiveness of scientific career Creates opportunities to participate in scientific discoveries BENEFITS FROM COLLABORATION

KEY ACTORS OF A DIALOGUE KEY ACTORS OF A DIALOGUE Researchers National governments &/or Research Councils in MS The European Commission International science organisations NEED FOR CONCERTED ACTION

Low success rate Low participation in proposals (NMS) Inadequate participation in mobility programmes (NMS) Complex procedures Current mechanisms not only support good to become better, but also favour advanced to become even more advanced: – may lead to creation of intellectual and innovation deserts - brain drain – both internal and external Low success rate Low participation in proposals (NMS) Inadequate participation in mobility programmes (NMS) Complex procedures Current mechanisms not only support good to become better, but also favour advanced to become even more advanced: – may lead to creation of intellectual and innovation deserts - brain drain – both internal and external PROBLEMS WITH FP6 MARIMON REPORT PROBLEMS WITH FP6 MARIMON REPORT

FROM FP6 TO FP7 ISSUES Networks of Excellence: - involve predominantly scientists - not attractive for industry - not attractive for scientists from low research intensive regions IPs, Technology Platforms and JTI: - driven by large industrial organisations (EU15) - role of scientists (NMS) marginalized Marie Curie scheme (mobility): - NMS still not sufficiently attractive as host countries - return grants urgently needed

EU-25 NETWORKS OF EXCELLENCE

FP6 - OVERALL RESULTS

Little knowledge of research capacities in NMS Scarcity of links with science in NMS Legislation and tax system renders employment of EU nationals in some NMS unattractive Unsatisfactory financial conditions for participation for researchers from NMS Little knowledge of research capacities in NMS Scarcity of links with science in NMS Legislation and tax system renders employment of EU nationals in some NMS unattractive Unsatisfactory financial conditions for participation for researchers from NMS BARRIERS – EU15 / NMS

Research community – historical conditioning, research environment, societal aspirations Inadequate and neglected research infrastructure - in need of modernisation Science administration too centralised: - dominant role of ministry - lack of science councils - dominance of public funding - lack of national mobility programmes Research community – historical conditioning, research environment, societal aspirations Inadequate and neglected research infrastructure - in need of modernisation Science administration too centralised: - dominant role of ministry - lack of science councils - dominance of public funding - lack of national mobility programmes BARRIERS - NMS

Researchers in NMS constitute a sixth of all European researchers (about 200 k) NMS Cost benefit: They show comparatively high productivity at lower labour cost NMS posses valuable (sometimes hidden) assets that could be brought to ERA Researchers in NMS constitute a sixth of all European researchers (about 200 k) NMS Cost benefit: They show comparatively high productivity at lower labour cost NMS posses valuable (sometimes hidden) assets that could be brought to ERA NMS ASSETS AND STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES Maximize collaboration and synergy to achieve “full” utilization of research potential of all member states

NMS ASSETS - STUDENTS

NMS ASSETS – SCIENCE LEVEL GDP per person in thousands US dollars David A. King, Nature 2004 CITATION INTENSITY

European Commission – DGs Presidency Member States - WRs, COREPERs Advisory Bodies – EURAB, CREST, ESFRI NGOs – ESF Research communities Competitiveness Council European Parliament European Commission – DGs Presidency Member States - WRs, COREPERs Advisory Bodies – EURAB, CREST, ESFRI NGOs – ESF Research communities Competitiveness Council European Parliament DISCUSSION ON FP7 PARTNERS

COLLABORATION IDEAS PEOPLE CAPACITIES Frontier research (creation of ERC) – a chance for NMS Building and strengthening of research capacities in convergence regions Research infrastructure with pan-European access Proposal (Poland, Sweden) for European Social and Environmental Platforms COLLABORATION IDEAS PEOPLE CAPACITIES Frontier research (creation of ERC) – a chance for NMS Building and strengthening of research capacities in convergence regions Research infrastructure with pan-European access Proposal (Poland, Sweden) for European Social and Environmental Platforms NEW VISION FOR FP7

POLISH POSITION ON FP7 POLISH POSITION ON FP7 Ensuring a continuation of the thematic priorities and a balance of “traditional” as well as “new” instruments of FP6 Ensuring equal chances of access to FP funds for research teams from the all member states Formulation of thematic priorities to accommodate social and environmental challenges “Recognising a fundamental role of basic research for any progress of science, Poland fully endorses the proposed establishment of the European Research Council”.

Co-financed programmes Co-ordination and integration of national research programmes (ERA-NET+, Art. 169) Opening of national grant schemes for international participation: - dissemination of best practices - improving synergy - enhancing national systems - modernizing national research programmes Co-financed programmes Co-ordination and integration of national research programmes (ERA-NET+, Art. 169) Opening of national grant schemes for international participation: - dissemination of best practices - improving synergy - enhancing national systems - modernizing national research programmes FORTHCOMING INITIATIVES – FP7

WHAT NEEDED FROM THE NMS PERSPECTIVE Continuation of Centres of Excellence programs (FP5) cohesion and structural fundsLarge facilities and international institutions located in the NMS countries: cohesion and structural funds Incentives for trained young people to return to their home base European Institute of Technology

CONCLUSIONS  Knowledge creation vital for modern society  Collaboration enhances research activities  The strength of NMS science sector is founded on the high quality of its human capital Full utilization of research potential is a must  Knowledge creation vital for modern society  Collaboration enhances research activities  The strength of NMS science sector is founded on the high quality of its human capital Full utilization of research potential is a must