1. 1 EUROPEAN INNOVATION POLICY: Innovation policy: updating the Union’s approach in the context of the Lisbon strategy Thursday, 9 October 2003 Sofia, Bulgaria J.N. Durvy Head of Unit, Innovation Policy

2. 2 THE INADEQUATE PERFORMANCE OF THE UNION : A CHALLENGE FOR THE COMING YEARS the European Innovation Scoreboard and other reports and indexes converge the innovation performance of the Union remains low in comparison with the United States insufficient innovation activity is a factor behind Europe’s underperformance in productivity growth

3. 3 A TENTATIVE TYPOLOGY OF COUNTRIES

4. 4 EU SPREAD VS US

5. 5 R&D BASED VS DIFFUSION BASED ? 5 5 10 15 20 R&D BASED INNOVATION INDEX DIFFUSION BASED INNOVATION INDEX IT F E B D DK SW PT NL JAP US FIN “Should improve R&D base” “Should improve diffusion mechanisms”

6. 6 A HIGHLY DIVERGING INDICATOR Spread = 1 : 228

7. 7 THE COMPLEX NATURE OF THE INNOVATION PHENOMENON R&D is an essential source of innovation and R&D investments in the European Union need to reach 3% of GDP in the coming years Innovation encompasses more than the successful application of research results, and if there is no entrepreneurial action, there is no value creation.

8. 8 THE DIVERSE “ROUTES TO INNOVATION” Innovation can be incremental or radical It can result from technology transfer or from the development of new business concepts It can be technological, organisational or presentational The speed and efficiency of the diffusion of innovation through the economy is critical to productivity and economic growth

9. 9 THE FIELD OF ACTION OF INNOVATION POLICY Cultural factors : entrepreneurship, openess to innovation, customer attitudes, etc. Framework conditions : supportive regulatory and fiscal environment, competitive markets and well functioning capital markets Knowledge base : skilled and mobile human resources, science and technology, lifelong learning

10. 10 THE FIELD OF ACTION OF INNOVATION POLICY Diffusion of knowledge : science - industry interfaces, clusters of excellence, platforms, etc. Support services : business support services, innovation agencies, local advisors,etc. Innovation enterprises : management of knowledge, organisational innovation, presentational innovation (design), new business models, network and platforms, the role of public sector (public procurement, etc.).

11. 11 THE UBIQUITOUS NATURE OF INNOVATION POLICY Measurement of innovation performance might be biased towards indicators of technological innovation The design of public policies is hampered by a perception of innovation that is too restricted Dealing with a policy without a well-defined territory or an administrative home is a major challenge

12. 12 CURRENT CHALLENGES FOR EU INNOVATION POLICY Inadequate performance (European Innovation Scoreboard) Enlargement and the changes in the Union’s innovation profile Mismatches between labour supply and demand Role of the public sector to boost innovation European diversity brings with it different aspirations and attitudes

13. 13 SOME EU INSTRUMENTS Political initiatives : Communication, Action plan, etc. Funding instruments : Structural funds, framework programme Regulations : Competition, State aids, IPR, etc. Coordination : benchmarking, transnational policy learning. Networking : Paxis and Gate2growth, IRCs Exchange of good practices : Paxis projects for instance.

14. 14 WHICH ACTION AT EU LEVEL A coordinated framework and common objectives A pro-active interaction with other EU policies The enterprise and its environment. Promoting the innovative enterprise

15. 15 A CO-ORDINATED FRAMEWORK AND COMMON OBJECTIVES FOR INNOVATION POLICY Members States and the Commission should define a common vision Members States must build and strengthen their national innovation strategies Efforts at Member State and EU level must be supported by upgrading of knowledge on innovation, innovation systems and performance Improved framework for the mutual learning process between Member States

16. 16 INTERACTION WITH OTHER POLICY AREAS Interaction between competition and innovation policy should aim at encouraging the flow of new knowledge Fiscal policy and more generally state aids to boost components of national innovation systems, in addition to R&D Well functioning labour markets should provide adequate incentives and flexibility for both firms and employees Public procurements, performance based standards, etc.

17. 17 THE ENTERPRISE AND ITS ENVIRONMENT The Enterprise and its local environment : public administrations, infrastructures, local interfaces and support services. The service - industry interface : technology transfer, High tech start ups,etc. Clusters of excellence : WHICH ACTION AT EU LEVEL : sharing experience and information, promoting good practices, training, awareness, etc.

18. 18 THE INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISE Concept to be defined Entrepreneurial innovation : management and strategies Networking of enterprises, linkages between large enterprises and SMEs. Private and public funding schemes

19. 19 FP6 is implemented by 5 specific programmes: 1.Integrating and strengthening the European Research Area 2.Structuring the European Research Area 3.Joint Research Centre activities 4.Nuclear energy (Euratom) 5.Joint Research Centre activities (Euratom) SOME INFORMATION ABOUT THE FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME

20. 20 “INTEGRATING AND STRENGTHENING” SPECIFIC PROGRAMME Priority research themes:€ MILLION 1.Life sciences, genomics and biotechnology for health 2,255 2.Information society technologies 3,625 3.Nanotechnologies and nanosciences, materials, processes 1,300 4. Aeronautics and space 1,075 5.Food quality and safety 685 6.Sustainable development, global change and ecosystems 2,120 7.Citizens and governance in a knowledge-based society 225 Specific activities covering a wider field of research 1,300 Strengthening the foundations of the European Research Area: 320 Coordination of activities Coherent development of research and innovation policies

21. 21 “STRUCTURING” SPECIFIC PROGRAMME € million 1.Research and innovation 290 2.Human resources 1 580 3.Research infrastructures 655 4.Science / society 80 2 605

22. 22 RESEARCH AND INNOVATION 1.Networking the players and users and encouraging interaction between them 2.Encouraging transregional cooperation 3.Experimenting with new tools and approaches 4.Putting services in place and consolidating them 5.Stepping up economic and technological intelligence 6.Analysing and evaluating innovation in Community research projects