LA MATERIA CLASSIFYING MATTER CCNN 2º ESO FQ 3º ESO María Ginés

VOCABULARY STATE CHANGES CLASSIFYING MATTER SEPARATING METHODS Vaporization Evaporation Boiling (also called ebullition) Condensation Boiling point  Freezing Melting Melting point Sublimation Deposition Pure substance Mixture Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture Compound Simple substance Sieving Magnetization Filtering Decanting Crystallization Distillation STATE CHANGES CLASSIFYING MATTER SEPARATING METHODS

MATERIA Aquello que tiene masa y ocupa un espacio FUNDAMENTALES presenta PROPIEDADES CUANTITATIVAS o MAGNITUDES FÍSICAS PROPIEDADES CUALITATIVAS pueden ser No dependen de otras: Longitud (m) Masa (kg) Tiempo (s) Temperatura (K) se pueden No permiten identificarlas No se pueden medir Comparar con un patrón DERIVADAS es MEDIR GENERALES ESPECÍFICAS de forma Dependen de tras: velocidad (m/s) Densidad (kg/m3) DIRECTA INDIRECTA No identifican la sustancia: Temperatura/ masa/volumen/ Superficie (etc.) Sí la identifican: densidad/ PF / PE/ Con un instrumento: longitud/tiempo/ Velocidad/etc. A partir de una fórmula: volumen/superficie

STATES OF MATTER GAS LIQUID SOLID Matter is made up of tiny particles are explained by STATES OF MATTER Matter is made up of tiny particles Each particle is in constant motion KINETIC THEORY deposition condensation freezing GAS LIQUID SOLID melting vaporization sublimation Estados Físicos Characteristics of states physics

STATE CHANGE GRAPH

VOCABULARY: STATE CHANGES Vaporization: is the state change from liquid to gas. Evaporation: is the state change from liquid to gas. It happens at room temperature and only on the surface of the liquid. The rate of evaporation increases when the temperature increases. Boiling (also called ebullition): is the state change from liquid to gas at a constant temperature. All the liquid changes state and while it happens, the temperature doesn’t change. Condensation: is the state change from gas to liquid. Boiling point: is the temperature at which a liquid boils. It is different for each substance. Boiling point = Condensing point

VOCABULARY: STATE CHANGES Freezing: Is the state change from liquid to solid. Melting: Is the state change from solid to liquid. Melting point: Is the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid. It is different for each substance. Melting point = Freezing point Sublimation: Is the transition from solid to gas. Deposition: Is the state change from gas to solid.

HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES Are made up by two or more substances at not fixed proportions They can be separated by physical methods MATTER A sample of matter that consists of only one component. PURES SUBSTANCES MIXTURES HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES COMPOUNDS SIMPLE SUBSTANCES They are made up by two or more elements combined in a fixed proportion The properties of a compound are completely different that their elements. We can break down by chemical means They have uniform composition and properties throughout We cannot see their components with a naked eye They do not have uniform composition and properties throughout We can see their components They are made up by atoms of the same element We cannot break down in any way

SEPARATING MIXTURES: SIEVING cay clay gravel sand

SEPARATING MIXTURES: MAGNETIZATION iron salt

SEPARATING MIXTURES: FILTERING sand filter paper funnel water

SEPARATING MIXTURES: DECANTING decanting funnel oil r water water

SEPARATING MIXTURES: CRYSTALLIZATION concentration filtering cristallization

SEPARATING MIXTURES: DISTILLATION termometer colector colector water distillation flask distilled Cold water Erlenmeyer flask

VOCABULARY: SEPARATING METHODS Sieving: Consists of separating larger pieces of something from smaller pieces. Magnetization: separating a substance, like iron, using a magnet. Filtering: method of separation that is used for separating insoluble solids from liquids. Decanting: consists of separating two immiscible liquids of different densities. Crystallization: Process that consists of obtain a solid dissolved in a liquid by evaporation of liquid. Distillation: is a method of separating substances based on differences in their boiling points. This method is used to separate a liquid from the solution. The other components can be solids or liquids.

SUMMARY