The Global FMD Control Strategy State of play after the Bangkok Conference Joseph Domenech and Samia Metwally On behalf of the joint FAO/OIE FMD Working Group 4 th West Eurasia Annual Roadmap Meeting 2-4 April 2013, Bakou, Azerbaijan

Towards Global Control and Eradication of FMD

Head lines of the joint FAO/OIE Global FMD Control Strategy  FMD control is not an utopia: we can do much better with existing means and methods – FMD Control Strategy Component 1 o FMD-endemic countries should be better aware of the damage caused by FMD and the opportunities lost [clear need for more socio-economic studies] o Only regional approaches will be successful as history has shown (Europe, South America, SE Asia) o Regional approaches should take into account regional differences (for instance wildlife issue in Southern Africa)

o Focus should be on FMD-endemic countries using a progressive, risk-based approach, mainly based on the Progressive Control Pathway o Maintain FMD-free status and countries are requested to support the Global FMD Control Strategy, for reasons of solidarity as well as well- understood own interest (control at source)  Progressive FMD control in developing countries will go hand in hand with improvement of Veterinary Services (VS) – FMD Control Strategy Component 2  Improvement of VS will create better possibilities to control other major diseases of livestock – FMD Control Strategy Component 3

Major pillars of the FMD Control Strategy - The FMD Control Strategy combines and integrates the tools and instruments of FAO and OIE:  FMD Progressive Control Pathway (PCP) in a regional context (jointly developed roadmaps)  Performance of Veterinary Services Pathway (PVS), with FMD-related critical competencies worked out per PCP stage  GF-TADs for governance, including acceptance of PCP Stage claimed by countries  OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code, with official endorsement of a country FMD control program in PCP stage 3 or beyond  OIE-recognized FMD-free status

- The FMD Control Strategy intends to strengthen the vital disease control supporting functions:  Laboratories: national, regional, international, coordinating global lab and Networks; provision of additional expert staff  Epidemiology (and economics): national teams, regional, international centers/Collaborative Centers, Networks; additional expert staff  Vaccines: availability, Quality Assurance; Quality Test Centers, regional vaccine banks; correct use, vaccination planning

- The FMD Control Strategy supports in the more advanced FMD-PCP control stages:  Emergency responses  Identification of farms and animals  Biosecurity  Public/private partnerships - The FMD control Strategy advocates for continued research, in particular in the field of diagnostics, strain characterization, vaccines, vaccine quality control and epidemiology

The Progressive Control Pathway for Foot and Mouth Disease (PCP-FMD) OIE: Norms new article in the Terr. Code WAHIS WAHID Laboratories Vaccines Tools

Financial implications in USD as calculated by the World Bank for the first 5 years: total 820 M USD -Cost of national FMD programmes 68 M (to support 79 initial PCP 0-2 Stage countries) -Vaccination cost 694 M (to support 45 initial PCP 1-3 Stage countries, excl. India and China) -Regional level 47 M (reference labs/epidemiology support and networks) -Global level 11 M (coordination, evaluation)

Costs to be compared with FMD losses and cost/benefit of control programmes  FMD damage worldwide is estimated at 5 billion US dollars per year; outbreaks in FMD-free countries cost 1 billion on average over the last 20 years (Rushton et al, Bangkok 2012) and not to forget  In developing countries FMD hampers animal husbandry development and lowers production efficiency  At the household level FMD adds to food insecurity and poverty  FMD presents a continuing and growing threat to FMD-free countries  FMD hinders or blocks worldwide and regional trade in animals and animal products

Action plan Action plan was worked out in the form of typical activities  At country level – for each of the PCP stages and for each of the Strategy components  At regional level (for stages 1 - 5)  At global level (for stages 1 – 5) The Global FMD Control Strategy and supporting documents are available on the websites

From concept to practice  Bangkok was not a pledging conference, but over 100 countries, regional organizations, development partners and stakeholders supported the launch of the FAO/OIE Global FMD Control Strategy  Typical activities indicated in the Strategy per PCP stage and for the different levels (country, regional, global) need to be embedded in concrete programmes/projects that can be used for fund raising  This implies new or intensified FMD control programmes at the national level, but in a regional context, in particular in virus pool regions 3, 4, 5 and 6

To convince countries to step up their FMD control activities:  Regional meetings in some regions or sub-regions: to develop program proposals with cost-effective combinations of activities, for instance with other regional priority TAD programmes  The Global GF-TADs SC may call upon the Regional SC’s and through them on the relevant regional technical and economical organisations  OIE and FAO may call upon their experts in their Regional and Sub Regional Offices, ECTAD units and RAHCs

Activities at the regional level include the provision of regional epidemiologists, laboratory experts, communication expertise, establishing regional leading laboratories and epi-centers, a global coordinating lab and epi-center and regional vaccine banks and regional vaccine quality control centers At global level the coordinating, evaluating and backstopping expertise functions are foreseen For all of these activities a budget has been included in the Global Strategy and specific implementation projects can be worked out per item (to improve the chances of obtaining funding)

To set developments at the national level in motion, to implement activities foreseen at the regional and global levels, to evaluate, to oversee and to report, a strong and sustainable backbone structure is needed  The joint FAO/OIE FMD Working Group and its Secretariat is imperative for this purpose, to push and to pull (NB: continuity endangered - priority for funding - 11 M for 5 years)  At the regional and sub-regional levels focal points in each relevant organization should be appointed and further familiarized with the (PCP) control concepts

The joint FAO/OIE FMD Working Group meets every two months: Calendar of events related to FMD, support to and coordination of regional meetings PCP guide update and Assessment tool preparation with EUFMD Establishment and training of a group of experts Bangkok Conference follow up and website update

Other WG priorities for 2013 Resource mobilization: –Support countries to bring own resources for national projects (see Seminar on 3 rd April 2013) –Regional and global resources Guidelines for socioeconomic impact studies Regional control strategies Annual report to the Global GF TADs Steering Committee on the implementation of the Global FMD Control Strategy 17

- East Mediterranean countries (Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria): 18 December 2013, Beirut Main objective of the meeting: to get every country ready to prepare a mid term national control project/programme and present it to their government and donors. To ensure a proper national commitment in order to strengthen the fight against FMD and improve the country and regional situations - Gulf Cooperation Council countries + Yemen (Bahrain, KSA, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, UAE and Yemen): 8 April 2013, Dubai. Same objectives than the Beirut meeting Regional meetings for the Middle East

- OIE Ad Hoc Group on FMD Status Evaluations: 9-12 October 2012, December OIE Scientific Commission for Animal Diseases (SCAD): 4-8 February Near future: establishment of an OIE FMD Unit for Central Asia in Astana, Kazakhstan

Post Vaccination Monitoring Guidelines Preparation of a PVM guidelines by a Working Group of the OIE-FAO FMD Reference Laboratory Network. WG leaded by Samia Metwally: ongoing discussions with OIE SCAD and possible establishment of an expert panel under the auspices of GF TADs

- FMD FAO-Wide Meeting, December 2012, Rome -FAO AIEA Second Research Coordination Meeting, 8-12 April, Rome -SAARC Meeting, May 2013? -Regional Strategies: NENA -Global Laboratory Network

Thank you for your attention