Conflict and Absolutism in Europe – Europe in Crisis What do you Recall? Explain the art of Baroque: Reflection of both religious and Renaissance ideals Theatre Writing experience what between 1500 and 1640? A Golden Age What does William Shakespeare's works show? A keen insight into human nature

Conflict and Absolutism in Europe – Europe in Crisis What do you Recall? Under Louis XIV, France was a(n) Absolute Monarch What gave Louis XIV absolute power? Control over lawmaking Ability to wage wars His Army

Conflict and Absolutism in Europe – Europe in Crisis What do you Recall? How did Louis XIV achieve his goals? Waged Wars How did Peter the Great improve Russia? Use of European Technology What did Peter the Great do for Russia? Introduction of Western manners and customs

Conflict and Absolutism in Europe – Europe in Crisis What do you Recall? Why did William Orange invade England? English nobles invited him What allowed Oliver Cromwell to take control of England? His New Model Army What did this allow Cromwell to do? Set up a military dictatorship When was the foundation of the constitutional monarch established? The “Glorious Revolution”

Conflict and Absolutism in Europe – Europe in Crisis What do you Recall? What was a view of Thomas Hobbes about humans? Guided by basic survival instincts What American document utilized the philosophies of John Locke? Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution John Locke’s philosophy was used to support, what? Demands for a constitutional government

Conflict and Absolutism in Europe – Europe in Crisis What do you Recall? What were causes of the Thirty Years’ War? Disputes about Religion – Politics – Territory Who did France fight against and why did they fight against them in the Thirty Years’ War? Holy Roman Empire and Spain Political Leadership in Europe

Enlightenment and revolutions – The American Revolution What do you Recall? What document demonstrates the fear American colonists had about a strong central government? The Article of Confederation Who helped the American colonists win their independence and why? France – Spain – Dutch Republic Wanted revenge against the British Empire

Enlightenment and revolutions – Enlightened absolutism and the balance of power What do you Recall? What is enlightened absolutism? system in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers Which leader pursued truly radical changes based on the Enlightenment ideas? Joseph II Fredrick II of Prussia did great things, yet did not remove? Serfdom

Enlightenment and revolutions – Enlightened absolutism and the balance of power What do you Recall? What is enlightened absolutism? system in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers Which leader pursued truly radical changes based on the Enlightenment ideas? Joseph II Fredrick II of Prussia did great things (freedom of the Press) yet did not remove? Serfdom

Enlightenment and revolutions – Ideas of the Enlightenment What do you Recall? How did Voltaire view the universe? Like a clock What philosophy did Voltaire champion? Deism, based on Reason and natural law What was a lasting thought by Montesquieu on political thought? Checks and Balances – Separation of Powers

Enlightenment and revolutions – Ideas of the Enlightenment What do you Recall? To Rousseau, general will represents What is best for the entire community What is Wollstonecraft's ideas about the rights of women? Women have reason, like men What does rococo art depict? Pleasure, happiness and love

Enlightenment and revolutions – scientific revolution What do you Recall? Decartes set aside everything he had learned, why? He doubted everything he had learned Francis Bacon believed that scientists should? Use reasoning, specifically Inductive reasoning What is rationalism? Belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge

The French revolution and napoleon – Fall of Napoleon and the European reaction What do you Recall? What was Russia’s tactics to defeat Napoleon? Retreating and burning their own villages. Why did Napoleon’s Empire collapse? Coalition of other European states and the force of nationalism The drain of Napoleon's many wars What marked the end for Napoleon in 1812? Invading Russia

The French revolution and napoleon – Rise of Napoleon and the European reaction What do you Recall? What does Napoleon do during the majority of the French Revolution? Served in the French Army How were promotions given under Napoleon’s new bureaucracy? By ability, not by rank or birth.

The French revolution and napoleon – Radical Revolution and Reaction What do you Recall? Under Robespierre the convention pursued a policy of? De-Christianization Why was the policy of de-Christianization instituted? Members believed that religion encouraged superstition – rather than reason. Since the Directory could not govern effectively after the Reign of Terror, what happened? They began to rely on military force

The French revolution and napoleon – the French revolution begins What do you Recall? What proclaimed an end to aristocratic privileges? The Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen Why did they storm the Bastille and what was the outcome? Louis XVI planned to use force against the Third Estate Royal Authority was destroyed.

The French revolution and napoleon – the French revolution begins What do you Recall? What triggered the economic crisis that triggered the French Revolution? Inflation, food shortage, unemployment.