What is stress ? Good stress Bad stress 5 Enables you to ‘fight or flight’ – required for motivation and safety Bad stress Outweighs resources to cope and makes you: Feel overwhelmed Unable to live up to own and others’ expectations Feel out of balance place again Sten Grove Thomsen Section C:

Imbalance between sources of stress and resources to cope 6 Imbalance between sources of stress and resources to cope COPING SOURCES OF STRESS Section C:

How does stress affect us 7 How does stress affect us Physically Behavior Emotionally Spiritually Socially Discuss and list on flip chart Section C:

Stress management for staff 8 Stress management for staff SESSION 2 Types of stress Karin Beate Nøsterud/Save the Children Section C:

9 Types of stress STRESS Section C:

Signs of cumulative stress 10 Signs of cumulative stress SEVERE SIGNS e.g. Problems within relationships Health changes Personality changes EXTENDED SIGNS e.g. Problems within relationships Increased alcohol / drug use Performance changes MILD SIGNS e.g. Problems concentrating Problems remembering things Minor health problems EARLY WARNING SIGNS e.g. Boredom Fatigue Anxiety Sadness Section C:

Rob Holden/Save the Children 11 Burn-out is ? A severe state of emotional and physical exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress Section C:

Symptoms of burn-out Chronic physical and emotional exhaustion 12 Symptoms of burn-out Chronic physical and emotional exhaustion Depleted energy Detachment, withdrawal, isolation Irritability Feeling trapped Section C:

Reduced or lack of enthusiasm and motivation to work 13 Reduced or lack of enthusiasm and motivation to work Symptoms of burn-out Diminished work efficiency Diminished sense of personal accomplishments Hopelessness Sadness Pessimism and cynicism Section C:

14 Types of stress STRESS Section C:

Traumatic stress types 15 Traumatic stress types Critical incidence stress Secondary traumatisation stress Section C:

Critical incident stress 16 Critical incident stress Exposure to a critical incident Sudden and disruptive Can be immediately after event or delayed ’Normal reactions to abnormal events’ Benedicte Kurzen/Save the Children Section C:

Usual and normal reactions to traumatic incidents 17 Usual and normal reactions to traumatic incidents Anger Anxiety Guilt Deprivation Powerlessness Shame Despair Helplessness Grief Section C:

Secondary traumatisation stress symptoms 18 Secondary traumatisation stress symptoms Altered outlook, sense of identity Problems with close relationships Concentration and memory difficulties Survivor guilt Jonathan Hyams/Save the Children Section C:

Secondary traumatisation stress symptoms 19 Secondary traumatisation stress symptoms Increased negative arousal Difficulties in distinguishing between work and private life Decreased tolerance level Fear of working with certain categories of people Jonathan Hyams/Save the Children Section C:

Stress management for staff 20 Stress management for staff SESSION 3 Over- and under-involvement Karin Beate Nøsterud/Save the Children Section C:

Over- and under-involvement 21 Over- and under-involvement Aim: To create awareness of how to involve oneself in an appropriate way Chris Steele-Perkins/Magnum for Save the Children Section C:

Over-involvement – under-involvement 22 Over-involvement – under-involvement Movement towards Movement away from Savior attitude Involve yourself as a helper Ability to register Cynicism Doing everything yourself Professional distance Less contact Empathy No responsibility for peoples’ reactions Settling everything Responsible for own behavior and reactions of others Keeping boundaries Exaggerated responsibility for peoples’ feelings Involvement in different kinds of activities Lack of empathy Developing strategies Blaming Exaggerated preoccupation with peoples’ problems Changing subjeect Over-involvement Ideal area Under-involvement Section C:

Stress management for staff 23 Stress management for staff SESSION 4 Ways to reduce stress Karin Beate Nøsterud/Save the Children Section C:

24 Ways to reduce stress SOURCES OF STRESS COPING Section C:

Supervisors/team leaders 25 Different ways to reduce stress Psychological, personal Physical Social Work-related Supervisors/team leaders Mike Sunderland/Save the Children Section C: