GENTETIC ENGINEERING VOCABULARY

Genetic Engineering Restriction Enzymes Insulin Cloning PCR Stem Cells DNA Fingerprinting Electrophoresis Chromosomal Analysis Chromosome Painting

Genetic Engineering Restriction Enzyme Insulin A set of technologies that are being used to change the genetic makeup of cells and move genes across species boundaries to produce novel “fit” organisms. Restriction Enzyme Proteins which cut DNA up at specific sequences in the genome Insulin The enzyme which removes excess blood sugar from the blood and stores it as glycogen in the liver.

Cloning Number of different processes that can be used to produce genetically identical copies of a gene, organ or organism. PCR A technique which will take a few copies of a gene and amplify (multiply) them thousands times over. Stem Cells Cells found in most, if not all, multi-cellular organisms. They are characterized by the ability to renew themselves through mitotic cell division and differentiating into a diverse range of specialized cell types.

DNA Fingerprinting Electrophoresis Chromosomal analysis The analysis of DNA from samples of body tissues or fluids in order to identify individuals. Electrophoresis The technology scientists use for DNA fingerprinting. Chromosomal analysis Provides a "birds eye view" of an individual's genetic information. Chromosome painting Technique used to compare the DNA sequences of different species to see which sequences they have in common.