Introduction to the Cold War

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Introduction to the Cold War

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to the Cold War Two Superpowers fighting for Global Dominance

Questions to Know Why is it called the Cold War? What major events occurred during the Cold War? Berlin Wall  Berlin Airlift Korean War Vietnam War Cuban Missile Crisis Fall of the Soviet Union How did the Cold War shape our geopolitical relations today? How did the Cold War end in 1991? Who are the key players in the Cold War?

What is the Cold War? Democratic Capitalism vs. Totalitarian Communism Called ‘Cold’ War because there was never a direct battle between Soviets and the US. Instead, there were proxy wars. Ideological Conflict between the US and Soviet Union Democratic Capitalism vs. Totalitarian Communism Ways of fighting the ‘Cold’ War: 1). Espionage: Spy vs Spy (KGB vs CIA) 2). Arms Race: Nuclear Escalation 3). Ideological Competition for support from other nations (Cuba, Greece, Yugoslavia, Vietnam, etc.) 4). Bipolarization of Europe: NATO vs. Warsaw

If the US & USSR Never Fought Directly, why do we call it a war? Many wars WERE fought between Communists (supported by the USSR) and anti-Communists (supported by US) The US and USSR competed for power by using their political, economic, and military clout throughout the world Both sides felt their national survival was at stake

The Division of Berlin

The Bipolarization of Europe

Part I. The Significance of the Cold War Why should we study the Cold War?

How has the Cold War affected US History ? Brought the world to the brink of nuclear destruction Was the direct cause of the US wars in Korea and Vietnam, and the invasion of Cuba Led to the 1969 moon landing Is largely responsible for the US national debt Shaped the post-World War II era Contributed to current ‘rocky relationship’ with Vladimir Putin & Russia

1. To the brink of nuclear destruction The US & the USSR raced to be ahead of one another in atomic warfare, building thousands of nuclear weapons much more powerful than those used in World War II.

2. War in Korea & Vietnam The US fought 2 wars to contain the spread of Communism. The spread of Communism was seen as a growth in the power of the USSR. Over 100,000 Americans were killed.

3. To the Moon The Soviets and Americans competed to develop new technology. When the Soviets were the first to launch a satellite (‘Sputnik’) and put a man in space (Yuri Gagarin), the US raced to be the first to the moon.

4. We’re still paying... The Soviet Union collapsed in 1991.1 reason is that it could not keep up with the US in defense spending. The US went heavily into debt to beat the Soviets.

5. Shaping the World Why is there a North and South Korea? Why was there an East and West Germany? Why did the US support some dictators and oppose some free elections? Answer: Cold War

Part II: What Caused the Cold War? The US and USSR fought against a common enemy in World War II. The alliance did not last long. What caused the US and USSR to turn from allies to enemies?