1. The Cold War How did we go from friends for life to enemies?

2. What Went Wrong? Cold War - Lasted from 1945 through the early 1990s WWII Turned the U.S. & USSR into “Superpowers” –Leaders & influencers of international affairs. U.S. & USSR had very different world views. –Democratic & Capitalist vs. Totalitarian & Communist

3. What was the Cold War? Era of high tension between two ideologically opposed sides led by the USA and USSR USA’s buddies = NATO Alliance USSR’s buddies = Warsaw Pact

4. NATO & Warsaw Pact

5. How Was the Cold War Fought? Arms Race  MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction) theory = huge nuclear weapon build-up Ideological Conflict (competition to spread their beliefs to decolonized new nations Proxy Wars –USA & Soviets support opposing sides of wars across the decolonizing “3 rd World”

6. The “Iron Curtain” U.S.S.R. wanted a “buffer” to protect it against further German invasion USA & Britain wanted free elections Instead, Stalin made sure all of Eastern Europe was in its sphere of influence, with friendly commie gov’ts Churchill calls this division into Communist East Europe & Democratic West Europe the “Iron Curtain”

8. I. Germany After the War Germany divided in two, East and West Germany  East was communist, West was a democracy City of Berlin divided into four sections, (run by Britain, USA, France, USSR)

9. II. Occupied Japan Japan occupied by USA from 1945-1952 Kept the emperor (but no power) Democracy installed; beginning of economic power

10. III. United Nations UN is created: –More muscle than League of Nations –Main Goal: mediate and intervene in international disputes. –Monitors human rights & social problems. started with 51 countries, now has 190!!

11. III. United Nations (cont.) Structure Includes: –General Assembly of all nations –Security Council of 5 permanent members (US, USSR, Great Britain, France, China) and 10 rotating members

12. UN General Assembly Room Snazzy Retro Interior!!