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Global Reconstruction and the Bipolar World

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Presentation on theme: "Global Reconstruction and the Bipolar World"— Presentation transcript:

1 Global Reconstruction and the Bipolar World

2 The Cold War

3 Postwar Plans and Conferences

4 Postwar Settlements Yalta – Feb. 1945 San Francisco – June 1945
Division of Germany into zones of occupation Free elections in Eastern Europe San Francisco – June 1945 Creation of United Nations 11 member Security Council 5 permanent members (GB, France, China, US, USSR) Potsdam – July/Aug 1945 Immediate control of Germany

5 The Cold War

6 Definition The Cold War is defined as the tense relationship that existed between the U.S. and the Soviet Union Issues Both are ‘superpowers’ Capitalism vs. Communism Confrontations started in Germany, Europe, and then went global Competing blocs

7 Origin of U.S. involvement
Containment Truman Doctrine – 1947 Attempt to stop the domino effect of nations moving politically towards Soviet Union-based communism Began with financial aid to Turkey and Greece Marshall Plan U.S. assistance program to give food, machinery, and other materials to rebuild Western Europe

8 The Beginning… Stalin ignores Yalta provisions
Establishment of communist regimes in Eastern Europe Germany and Berlin are split into an eastern and western zone via postwar settlements

9 Occupied Germany,

10 The Iron Curtain

11 Political Competition
United States Soviet Union Truman Doctrine 1947 Marshall Plan 1949 NATO – 1949 A-Bomb – 1945 H- Bomb – 1952 Satellite COMECON Warsaw Pact- 1955 A –Bomb – 1949 H –Bomb – 1953 Satellite

12 Confrontations

13 Berlin Airlift

14 Berlin Wall

15 Korean War Korean is occupied by Soviets in the North and America in the South Stalemate was reached in 1953 5 million Koreans killed Country was divided by the 38th parallel

16 U-2 Incident - 1960 Spy plane used by U.S. Shot down over Soviet Union
Denied first by U.S., later admitted Plane was intact Pilot was alive Embarrassment for U.S.

17 Cuba – 1962 Revolution led by Fidel Castro Bay of Pigs invasion, 1961
Castro will be aided by the Soviets Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962

18 Vietnam War US aids noncommunist Vietnam in south after French departure from territory U.S. reaches 500,000 troops in 1968 US eventually leaves in 1973, south is defeated in 1975 3 to 4 million Vietnamese killed 58,000+ U.S. deaths

19 Cold War Society and Culture

20 American ‘Domestic Containment’
McCarthyism and the HUAC Feminism and Anti-Feminism Black nationalism Rise in consumer products The Space Race

21 Soviet Union

22 The Olympics East & West Germany competed as one team, 1956-64
Boycott of China from Hungarian vs. Soviet water polo team, 1956 games American vs. Soviet basketball team, 1972 Boycott of Olympics by both: 1980 and ‘84 ‘Miracle on Ice’

23 The Space Race United States Soviet Union

24 Pop Culture

25 Challenges and Detente

26 Cooperation Agreement of a détente Salt I and Salt II
Full diplomatic relations between China and the U.S.

27 Challenges in Hegemony
Soviet Union Yugoslavia Hungary – 1956 Czechoslovakia- 1968 Soviet-Chinese Alliance – 1950s to 1964 Afghanistan United States Vietnam Iranian Revolution 1979 Nicaragua Revolution For Both Emergence of OPEC and non-aligned countries

28 Cold War in the end… Fall of the Berlin Wall, 1989
Communist party rules ends in 1991 U.S.S.R is broken up

29 The collapse of the Soviet Union - 1991

30 Effects $8 Trillion dollars spent by the U.S.
100,000 American lives lost (mostly in Korea and Vietnam) Civil Wars (mostly in Southeast Asia) Institutionalized the US in world affairs By 1989, the U.S. was responsible for military alliances with 50 countries and 1.5 million U.S. troops were posted in 117 countries

31 Nuclear Arms Race

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