Disaster Risk Management in Bangladesh UNCT meeting – 22 April 2019 Henry Glorieux, Humanitarian Affairs Advisor, RCO Kazi Shahidur Rahman, Humanitarian Affairs Specialist, RCO

Presentation outline : 4 elements 1.To inform on how DRM in Bangladesh evolved from Disaster Response to Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and what are today’s DRM Challenging Contexts of Bangladesh 2.To understand the convergence of humanitarian coordination and DRR  DRR & Preparedness: Sendai & SDG (frameworks); and UNISDR (strategy)  Humanitarian coordination: Transformative Agenda, Agenda for Humanity (agenda); and IASC (coordination)  New global dimensions that guide further DRM work to leave no one behind 3.To explore ways to strengthen a coordinated and coherent UNCT’s/UN-wide engagement vis-à-vis national priorities on DRM DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Evolution of DRM DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Key DRM challenges World Disaster Report th FYP ( ) Policy coherence: Weak institutional and local capacities, fragmented policy framework constitutes risk in itself; Gap between risk reduction and relief- recovery Policy – reality gap: Gap between formulated policies and actual implementation Risk accounting and public investment: Insufficient methodology for quantification of disaster and climate change risks to facilitate risk-informed planning Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction: Water resource risk management and earthquake impact mitigation in urban megacity DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Humanitarian coordination and link to DRR ISDR DRM Definition: Disaster risk management aims to avoid, lessen or transfer the adverse effects of hazards through activities and measures for prevention, mitigation and preparedness Hazards DRR and Preparedness Response Humanitarian Coordination The organization and management of resources and responsibilities for addressing all aspects of emergencies, in particular preparedness, response and initial recovery steps towards full recovery DRR & Preparedness Avoidance (eliminate) i.e. modify the hazard Reduction ( mitigate). Transference (outsource or insure) i.e. modify the impact of hazards on individuals and the community. Retention (accept and budget) DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Disaster preparedness and response: HCTT/clusters Ref. Recommendations of the 2011 Achievement Effective Balance in Coordination: DRR through preparedness and response, UNDP for the Disaster Emergency Response Local Consultative Group (LCG)Recommendations of the 2011 Achievement Effective Balance in Coordination: DRR through preparedness and response, UNDP for the Disaster Emergency Response Local Consultative Group (LCG) Four principles for improved humanitarian coordination and linkages to DRR: 1.Set realistic and achievable goals for improved coordination 2.Build on existing structures and minimize the creation of new or parallel structures 3.Align with national systems 4.Build trust DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

3 Key Questions: 1.Are the clusters co-led by UN agencies and GoB sufficiently coordinating preparedness efforts of Bangladesh? 2.Are the linkages b/w humanitarian and DRR i.e. UN joint program on DRR, HCTT’s and LCG’s work strong enough? 3.Are the UNDAF PLANET outcome group able to address UNCT’s DRR efforts coherently? DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019 DRR coordination required to strengthen disaster preparedness and response

UN Global Guidance and New Dimensions on DRM DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Humanitarian Coordination (Agenda) DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Humanitarian Coordination – IASC (Humanitarian Coordination ) Criteria for Cluster Activation 1.A trigger event. 2.Need for multi-sectoral approach. 3.Response and coordination gaps. 4.Existing national response or coordination capacity is unable to meet needs. ERC Centre focal point Head of OCHA Chair of IASC Global Clusters Standard and policy setting Building Response capacity Operational support to country cluster IASC UN and Non UN organization Has several subsidiary bodies Support system wide policy DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Preparedness in the Context of DRM (Frameworks) DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Global DRR Strategy - ISDR DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

New Global Dimensions- Leave No One Behind The reinvigorated resident coordinator system for empowered UNCT leadership in the country; Global compacts for refugees and migrants; Habitat III: A New Urban Agenda for sustainable development The Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus; Platform on disaster and displacement state-led and non- binding platform to address cross-boarder displacement; Connecting Business Initiatives (CBi) for private sector engagement; Grand Bargain: Localization commitments; World Reconstruction Conferences Forecast Based Financing: trigger, early actions and financing mechanism ( financing.org/) financing.org/ DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Recommended Actions (1/4) 1. Jointly with GoB, identify challenges, opportunities from evolving DRM contexts at global and national levels and prioritized actions to be implemented Examples: Policy Forum National DRR strategy Brainstorm on current opportunities DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Recommended Actions (2/4) 2. Prioritize actions to be implemented at policy, strategic, planning, management and, operational levels on DRM issues Examples: Establish of a Disaster Displacement cluster National Forecast-Based-Financing Platform/working group Resource mobilization for coordination functions on DRM DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Recommended Actions (3/4) 3. Agree on way of working on the humanitarian-development nexus in urban contexts Examples:  “right to a city” framework for an area-based approach  DRR Internal Taskforce to advance on DRR and Nexus analysis DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Recommended Actions (4/4) 4. Articulate clearly UNCT’s contribution to the next 8th 5 Year Plan, Common Country Analysis (CCA)/ UN Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework for strengthening the national DRM ecosystem in support of Bangladesh’s developments objectives Examples:  UNISDR’s supported Strategic Approach for Capacity Development  Field testing of the UN Common guidance on resilience  UNCT DRM partnership strategy DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Way-forward Consider holding of a 2-3-day strategic a retreat on DRM The retreat on Disaster Risk Management (DRM) aims to ensure that international assistance on DRM issues in Bangladesh is adequate for the country to reach its national objectives including on ensuring that no one is left behind when it comes to risk reduction activities, disaster preparedness and response. To be organized by RCO jointly with OCHA, UNISDR, PMO, MoDMR, MoFA, MoHA, UNCT and HCTT Members and follow-up on its recommendations. DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019

Thank you! DRM in Bangladesh _ UNCT meeting_22 April 2019