1. ICTs in Disaster Risk Reduction and Disaster Response
Poonam Pokhrel
Chanrd Bilash Bhurtel
Saroj Ghimire
Sanjay Kumar Tiwari
Group 6

2. DISASTER Earthquake Drought Flood Snake bites Landslides Soil erosion
Avalanches
Fire (wild and artificial)
Glacial lake outburst Flood (GLOF)
Hailstorms
Thunderstorms
Epidemic disease and infections, etc
Lightning

3. Disaster Risk Reduction
Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is a systematic approach to identifying, assessing and reducing the risks of disaster. 
The UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
describes it as:
the concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyze and manage the causal factors of disasters, including through reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events.
UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, 2007

4. NEPAL
In the top 20th list of the most multi-hazard prone countries in the world.
Stand 4th in Climate Change Vulnerability
Stand 11th in Earthquake Vulnerability
Stand 30th in Water Induced disaster line Flood.
Global hotspots for geographical and climatic hazards.
Other major disasters in Nepal are landslide, fire, drought, epidemic, storm, hailstorm, avalanches, glacier lake out burst flood.
(UNDP/ BCPR, > Stand 4th in Climate Change Vunerability, Stand 11th in Earthquake Vunerability, Stand 30th in Water Indused disaster line Flood
Source: NEOC, MOHA

5. Incidents

6. Incidents in Data Table 1: Incident Reports of Apr 14, 2016 to July 15, 2017
Fire
1386
Flood
199
Landslides
229
Wind Storm 58
Epidemic 6
Other
393
Source:- http;//drrportal.gov.np/reports (accessed July, 2017

7. Table 2: Incident Reports of Apr 14, 2016 to July 15, 2017
Loss of life
Missing
Injured
2271
454 53
863
: (accessed July, 2017)
(accessed July, 2017)

8. Table 3: Incident Reports of Apr 14, 2016 to July 15, 2017
Families
House Damages
Cattle Shed
Cattle Loss
Partial
Full
2271
11962
910
2097
630
6427
Source: (accessed July, 2017)

10. ICT IN DISASTER Understanding disaster risk
Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk
Investing in disaster risk reduction for resilience
Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to ‘Build Back Better’ in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.
These priorities area should manage appropriately
with capacity and capability aligned with laws and regulations
According to Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

11. Legal and Policy Framework on DRM
Natural Calamity (Relief ) Act, 1982
Local Self‐government Act, 1999 devolution of responsibility and authority for DM at the local level‐ DDC, Municipality& VDC.
National Strategy on Disaster Risk Management, 2009
National Disaster Response Framework, 2013
Guidance Note on Disaster Preparedness and Response Planning, 2011
National Strategic Action Plan for Search and Rescue, 2014
District Disaster Preparedness and Response Plans
DM Act 2063 for an effective DRM effort (pending)
DM Act for an effective DRM effort which would prioritize DRM across government sectors and levels, with a proposed Disaster Management Council chaired by the Prime Minister. Under it, there will be a National Disaster Management Centre as a dedicated institution. After the endorsement of the Disaster Management Bill, it is hoped that, a National Council for Disaster Management chaired by the Prime Minister will be fully functional. Furthermore, there is a high level Climate Change Council under the chairmanship of the Prime Minister already in place. The establishment and institutionalization of an authentic and open DRM System, GIS based Disaster Information Management System will be strengthened. Collected information through this system will inform decision-making for risk reduction and preparedness in a more effective manner. Finally, in order to strengthen cross-sectoral planning and coordination in the field of DRR, DRR and CRM focal points have been established in key agencies. These focal points work in a harmonized manner to ensure that Disaster and climate change risk reduction mainstreamed within respective ministries.

12. Finding Lack of Disaster Response laws
Lack of coordination among governmental agencies
Proper Coordination among local authorities
Adequate and accurate use of information dissemination

13. Conclusion
Importance of ICTs in Disaster Risk Reduction and Disaster Response as one of the major agenda for developing and implementing policies which should act to minimize the casualties of disaster should be realized. Finalize DM Act 2063, which is still pending under cabinet and implement accordingly.
DM Policy has guided some organizational frameworks which can manage financial sources by utilizing funds from government, donor agencies, microfinance, lending, taxes and saving schemes as well as bonds etc. DM policy also state about skilled search and rescue (SAR) human resources through building knowledge base and empowering skill level trainings and school education.

14. 23 districts hace

15. Thank you