Ecology Test Review

This is a graph of... A Population Size B C Time Carrying capacity

Autotrophs are the only food these organisms eat Primary Consumers

These organisms have the ability to change light energy into chemical energy Producers

These organisms digest dead plant and animal tissue Decomposers

These organisms are also called carnivores Secondary consumers

Herbivores? Shrimp, snail, vole, mouse, rat, sparrow, mallard, smelt

In an ecosystem, these organisms are most likely to be the first to increase in population size. Producers

Carrying capacity is reached What happens at A? A Population Size B C Time Carrying capacity is reached

Maximum growth rate, abundant resources What happens at B? A B Population Size C Time Maximum growth rate, abundant resources

Low growth rate due to low resources What happens at C? A Population Size B C Time Low growth rate due to low resources

What is the annual population growth rate What is the annual population growth rate? Year one 20 fish Year two 30 fish Year three 10 fish -5 fish per year

How much energy is lost during each step of the food chain? 90%

What is a climax community? Mature community in succession has most biodiversity

These organisms are also called herbivores Primary consumers

Define parasitism and give an example Ecological relationship in which one organism benefits and one is harmed Example: Mosquito and human

What two factors contribute to an increasing population growth rate? Immigration and birth rate

How are matter and energy cycled in an ecosystem? Matter is recycled and energy is lost

Rabbits eat grass, foxes eat rabbits, wolves eat foxes Rabbits eat grass, foxes eat rabbits, wolves eat foxes. That is an example of ….. Food chain

The only heterotrophs required in an ecosystem are ... Herbivores

Define commensalism and give an example. An ecological relationship that benefits one organism but the other organism is not harmed or helped. A cowbird and cattle. The cowbird gets insects as they are disturbed by cattle.

Producer? Aquatic, Terrestrial plants

What do decomposers do? Be specific. Break down organic matter into usable molecules for producers

Give an example of a producer and consumer relationship Grasshopper eating grass

The end result of ecological succession is usually a Climax community

Define mutualism and give an example An ecological relationship that benefits both organisms. A bee pollinating a flower. The bee gets nectar the flower gets pollinated.

All organisms that inhabit a particular area. Define community All organisms that inhabit a particular area.

If all the carnivores in an area die what is the MOST likely result? The herbivores increase and the producers decrease.

Define population A group of interbreeding organisms of the same species that live in the same area.

4th order consumer? Hawk, Owl

Food chain

? 10,000 cal 10 cal

How do primary and secondary succession differ? Primary succession occurs on areas without soil, secondary occurs after something disturbs an existing habitat.

Give an example of a density dependent limiting factor Competition, predation, disease

A species role in its habitat What is a niche A species role in its habitat