Early History of Photography: Review Dates to Know The process of autochrome, a type of color photography, was invented by the Lumiere brothers George Eastman made the first mass-market, point-and-shoot camera, called the Kodak Louis Daguerre invented the daguerreotype, a positive black-and-white image on a mirror-polished, silver-plated copper sheet. Talbot made positive images by contact printing his negatives to other light sensitive sheets. William Henry Fox Talbot created negatives by soaking sheets of paper in silver chloride and placing them inside camera obscuras Joseph Niepce created the oldest surviving photograph 1826 1834 1839 1888 1907

Other dates that were included: 1727- Johann Heinrich Schultze proved that silver salts were darkened by exposure to light itself. First Polaroid camera was sold to the public in November of 1948 1968- Photograph taken of the earth from the moon 1975- Steven Sasson invented a device that could capture and convert an image into a digital signal 1986- Fuji invented first disposable “one-time-use” camera 1990- Photoshop 1.0 was released 1991- Kodak released the first commercially available digital camera.

Lens A disc of transparent glass or plastic with one or more curved surfaces, also called an element

Shutter A mechanism that opens and closes the lens or camera body, allowing light to hit the film or imaging sensor

Daguerreotype A one-of-a-kind positive black-and-white image on a mirror-polished, silver-plated copper sheet.

Autochrome An early color transparency process on glass plates using vegetable starch grains dyed red, green, and blue to make up the image

Camera Obscura Latin for ‘dark room,’ the first camera that was used for centuries as a drawing aid for artists.

Normal Lens A lens that most closely matches the view of the human eye in terms of area, perspective, and proportion

Wide-Angle Lens A lens that includes more of the scene and makes objects look further away than a normal lens.

Telephoto Lens A lens that includes less of a scene and makes objects look extremely close-up.

Zoom Lens A lens with variable focal lengths that changes from wider views to closer views, making the subject appear closer or further away.

Negative A transparent photographic image where the tones or values have been reversed

Film Speed This tells you how sensitive a particular film is to light

ISO Stands for International Standards Organization; a standardized way to measure a film’s light sensitivity; represented as a number (100-6400 on digital format cameras)

Describe the differences between these two images. The darker and lighter areas in the first image are reversed in second image. What is the first image called? A NEGATIVE

What makes a ‘CAMERA OBSCURA’ different from an actual functioning ‘CAMERA’ as we know it today? What happened when you moved your tracing paper frame closer to the pinhole in your camera obscura? Why? What happened when you moved your tracing paper frame further away from the pinhole in your camera obscura? Why? Camera Obscuras alone had no way of permanently recording an image. You could see more of the scene you were looking at. The shorter distance between the pinhole and where light was projected mimics the function of a wide-angle lens. You could see less of the scene you were looking at, and appeared much closer to you. The greater distance between the pinhole and where light was projected mimics the function of a telephoto lens.