Lesson XII (12) Perfect Tense Verbs

Perfect Tense Last week we learned the imperfect tense: past action uncompleted. Ex: We were sailing, she was carrying This week we’re learning perfect tense: past action completed

Perfect Tense There are 3 ways to translate perfect tense: I verbed, you verbed, he/she/it verbed I have verbed, you have verbed, he/she/it has verbed I did verb, you did verb, he/she/it did verb

And hasn’t happened since, And that’s what’s perfect It happened in the past, And hasn’t happened since, And that’s what’s perfect About perfect tense!

Imperfect Tense vs. Perfect Tense Remember that imperfect tense (the –ba– words) show past action uncompleted (was verbing), repetitive (kept on verbing), or habitual (used to verb) Perfect tense shows past action completed Ex: While I was washing dishes, the phone rang. imperfect perfect

Imperfect Tense vs. Perfect Tense I saw John every day. I attended school for four years. Did you play football long? The alarm clock kept ringing. I saw John yesterday. I attended school today. Did you ever play football? The alarm clock rang. perfect tense imperfect tense

The Perfect Stem! Now it’s time to start using the 3rd principal part of those verbs in your vocab list! STEM!

All About Verbs Each verb has 4 principal parts amo amare amavi amatus First Person Singular Present Active “I love” Present active Infinitive “to love” First Person Singular Perfect Active “I have loved” Perfect Passive Participle “having been loved”

Finding the Perfect Stem Find the third principal part of the verb. amo amare amavi amatus The perfect stem is the third principal part – i. amavi - i = amav-

Finding the Perfect Stem Find the third principal part of the verb. doceo docere docui doctus The perfect stem is the third principal part – i. docui - i = docu-

Perfect Stem Practice porto, portare, portavi, portatus terreo, terrēre, terrui, territus maneo, manēre, mansi, mansurus sum, esse, fui, futurus PORTAV- TERRU- MANS- FU-

The perfect tense = Perfect Stem + Perfect Endings Perfect Tense Endings The perfect tense = Perfect Stem + Perfect Endings Plural Singular I verbed I have verbed I did verb First Person -i -imus we… You verbed, have verbed, did verb -isti you (pl.)… Second Person -istis he, she, it verbed, has verbed, did verb Third Person -it -erunt they…

Perfect Tense Active amav imus amav i amav istis amav isti erunt amav I loved I have loved I did love First Person We loved We have loved We did love amav imus amav i You loved You have loved You did love You loved You have loved You did love Second Person amav istis amav isti erunt They loved They have loved They did love He loved He has loved He did love Third Person amav amav it