RELATIVE PRONOUNS

What are they? why do we need them?? What: Relative pronouns introduce a dependent clause that describes something or someone in the main clause (the antecedent) Ana es la profesora con la que mejor me llevo Ella es la chica de la que te hablé Why: To avoid repetition: “Yo pinté la casa. La casa es roja” vs “Yo pinte la casa que es roja” In English the relative pronoun can sometimes be omitted but not in Spanish

Types of relative clauses 2 types: Those who give additional information about the antecedent (between commas), and (2) those who identify the antecedent in group. “El director con quien nos viste se llama José” “El examen de preposiciones, que hicimos ayer, fue muy difícil”

Pronouns and uses Que That, which, who, whom RELATIVE PRONOUNS TRANSLATION USES Que That, which, who, whom The most common relative pronoun Can be use with people or things The only one that can be used without prepositions Quien(es) Who, whom Refers to people Has to agree in number with the antecedent Has be used with a prepositions in identifying sentences El que, la que, lo que, los que, las que That, which, who, whom, he who, she who, those who Use in place of “que” or “quien” Can only be use in identifying senteces with prepositions El cual, la cual, Lo cual, Los cuales, las cuales Same as above Same rules as above but it is more commonly used in written language or formal presentations. Cuyo, cuya, cuyos, cuyas Whose Relative adjective use with people or things Always preceeds a noun As an adjective, it has to agree in gender in number with the noun.

LO QUE, LO CUAL Use when referred to an idea previously stated. “tenemos un examen hoy, lo que/lo cual odio”. (We have a test today which I hate) When the idea has not been mentioned only use “lo que”. Lo que hizo no estuvo bien” (what he did was not right) When in doubt use “lo que”

Read additional rules on page 432. Do exercises: 1, 2, 3, 4 on page 433