TOPIC: Cells AIM: What are the life processes?

Processes that must be carried out by ALL living things What are life processes? Processes that must be carried out by ALL living things

Key Words: absorption, distribution and circulation 1. Transport Key Words: absorption, distribution and circulation

Example: Circulatory system = carries materials throughout your body Example: Circulatory system = carries materials throughout your body. We want good things to get to our cells and garbage to go away from our cells.

Blood = carries materials in the body Heart = pumps blood Blood vessels = carry blood

Other living things have circulatory systems like we do…

Cells can transport materials as well.

Absorption = Movement of materials into cells

Movement of the entire body from one place to another Locomotion

Animals move their whole bodies to get from one place to another.

Plants turn towards the light and their roots grow down into the soil.

2. Nutrition Provides the body with materials necessary for repair of tissue and growth.

1. Heterotrophic nutrition = organism cannot make it’s own food Involves ingestion, digestion, and egestion Example – humans

Ingest food = take it in (eat)

Digest food = break it down

Egestion = removing undigested food

Autotrophic nutrition = organisms make their own food PLANTS= photosynthesis

Photosynthesis = using light to produce food (glucose)

Algae

How cells make energy called ATP. 3. Cellular Respiration How cells make energy called ATP. The ATP is the energy the cells use to do all of the life processes.

2 types: 1. AEROBIC RESPIRATION requires OXYGEN to make energy Example - humans

+ Glucose Oxygen + + Energy Carbon Dioxide Water

No oxygen required produce energy Example = yeast, bacteria 2. ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION No oxygen required produce energy Example = yeast, bacteria

Removal of METABOLIC (cellular) WASTES Cellular wastes = wastes your cells make CO2, water, salt, nitrogen wastes NOT SOLID WASTE 4. Excretion

Plants and animals both need to get rid of waste gas and water…

Sweat = water, salt, urea (nitrogen waste)

Increase in cell # (cell division) 5. Growth

Bacteria cells dividing

Increase in cell size

Babies grow into adults. Seedlings grow into plants. Involve both cell division and cell growth.

Production of new individuals As an individual, a living thing doesn’t have to reproduce BUT as a species it must in order to keep it’s kind alive 6. Reproduction

2 types: 1. Asexual reproduction = requires 1 parent (cells divide to reproduce)

Other living things that reproduce by Asexual Reproduction

2. Sexual reproduction – requires 2 parents Example = humans

Animals have babies. New plants grow from seeds.

Small molecules join to form LARGE molecules Key Words: To make, to form, are combined The products are more complex. 7. Synthesis

Control & Coordination of body activities. 8. Regulation

Plants grow towards the light. People react to the temperature around them.

Regulation allows ua to maintain HOMEOSTASIS HOMEOSTASIS = maintaining a stable, internal environment

Sum/total of all life processes in the body All the life processes Metabolism

Cell What all living things are made of Carry out life processes Different types Cell

Just like bricks make up a brick house, cells make up a living thing.

Organelles “tiny organs” Parts of a cell