1. Study of life - Any living thing Organism Slide #1

2. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE OF CELLS A CELL IS THE SMALLEST LIVING UNIT THAT CAN CARRY OUT LIFE PROCESSES.

3. Molecule Organelle Cell Tissue Organ Organism How is life organized? Slide #2

4. What is the definition of life? An object has life, is living, if it can carry out the eight life functions or processes. Eight Life Processes  Nutrition  Transport  Respiration  Excretion  Synthesis  Growth  Regulation  Reproduction Slide #3

5. Increase in size of an organism  increase cell size  increase cell number Slide #4

6. Living things make more living things 2. Reproduction~ the production of offspring. ( necessary for species *to survive; not necessary for individual organism’s survival ) 2 types: –1. asexual: 1 parent: offspring identical to parent –2. sexual: 2 parents, offspring not identical to parents * A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature

7. Break down of food (organic molecules) to release energy Anaerobic Respiration Aerobic Respiration Does not require oxygen Requires oxygen Releases 18x More energy! Slide #6

8. to build Making complex/larger molecules from simple/smaller molecules Assimilation Incorporating synthesized materials into the living organism Slide #8

9. Life Functions or Processes 5. Nutrition: the obtaining & processing of nutrients by an organism for its use (autotrophic vs. heterotrophic vs. chemosynthesis). –Autotrophic – organisms that are able to synthesize their own food. –Heterotrophic – organisms that must obtain their energy by consuming other organisms. –Chemosynthesis – organisms (bacteria) that can use certain chemicals present in the environment to make their own food.

10. Nutrition cont. (a) ingestion – food intake by an organism (b) digestion – breakdown of complex foods to simpler foods by an organism (c) absorption – the process of absorbing digested materials into the bloodstream. (d) assimilation – using absorbed materials to build new structures within the body.

11. Removal of harmful toxic metabolic waste Metabolism: All chemical reactions which occur in an organism. (plant or animal) Slide #10

12. Control and coordination of all processes in the living organism Example: in humans Nervous System Endocrine System -maintenance of a stable internal environment Homeostasis Slide #11 Dynamic Equilibrium -a system that fluctuates, but overall is in balance

13. Regulation : (coordination) the control of various activities of an organism. Hormones regulate the concentration of various substances in the human body. For example, insulin regulates the concentration of glucose in the blood.

14. Absorption and Circulation of materials with in an organism. Getting materials into the organism/cell Moving material with in the organism/cell Slide #13

15. Transport Slide #14