1. I. LIFE PROCESSES (Functions)
processes that maintain life
adaptations - structures/behaviors that help an organism to survive efficiently in their environment
Ex: skin color of humans, migration in geese
What adaptations can you think of?

2. Plants, some bacteria, some protists
A. NUTRITION
how an organism obtains nutrients and processes them for use
1. Autotrophic
make own food
Plants, some bacteria, some protists
includes
Photosynthesis
sun + CO2 + H2O --->
C6H12O6 + O2
Can carry out
Chemosynthesis
chemicals from
environment or

3. Animals, most fungi, some bacteria, some protists
A. NUTRITION
2. Heterotrophic
-consume
other organisms or
their products
Animals, most fungi, some bacteria, some protists
includes
Ingestion
taking in nutrients
Egestion
removal of material
not digested: feces
Digestion
large molecules 
smaller molecules
3 basic processes

4. B. TRANSPORT
movement and distribution of materials (nutrients, wastes, gases, etc)
circulatory system = from 1 location to another in a multicellular organism
cells/unicellular organisms = cyclosis or cytoplasmic streaming, osmosis & diffusion, or active transport

5. C. RESPIRATION Chemical process (NOT breathing- physical)
- process of converting energy found in chemical bonds of food (glucose) into the bonds of a useable molecule (ATP)
1. Aerobic Respiration
uses O2 to break apart bonds and release energy
Happens in mitochondria of cells
O2 + C6H12O6 + H2O > CO2 + H2O + energy (ATP)
2. Anaerobic Respiration
- doesn’t require O2
Not as efficient as aerobic - doesn’t yield as much ATP

6. D. SYNTHESIS small molecules combine to form large molecules Examples:
Sugar +sugar + sugar + etc = starch
Amino acid +Amino acid +Amino acid +etc = protein
become part of an organism’s structure needed for
- repairing cells and tissues or replacement of cells,tissues
- growth
- increase in size or cell #
- followed by specialization = cells develop a definite function

7. E. EXCRETION
removal of waste products (ex: CO2, sweat, urine) produced from metabolism
Metabolism- all the chemical reactions occurring in the cell (body)
CO2 is carbon dioxide- we exhale it when our blood returns with the CO2 from our cells as a waste product to our lungs.
Sweat or perspiration gets rid of excess water and salts
Urine gets rid of ammonia and urea, excess salts and water
Excretion is important b/c it prevents poisoning or death of cell (organism)

8. F. COORDINATION (REGULATION)
allows organism to respond or adjust to change
nervous (electrical) and endocrine (chemical) systems in animals
hormones in plants
simple responses to change from unicellular organisms
Like moving away from something

9. G. REPRODUCTION production of new organisms of their own kind
continuation of species - not individual
The only life process that does not have to happen in every living thing
1. Asexual
2. Sexual or
1 parent
(cell)
Genetically
identical
(no variation)
2 parents(cells)
sperm & egg)
Genetically
different
(variation)

10. II. HOMEOSTASIS
maintaining a constant stable, balanced internal environment (dynamic equilibrium)
occurs despite external environmental changes
Ex: blood pressure, heart rate, temp, breathing rate all change due to changes in the organism
Our bodies try to maintain the optimal conditions to survive.

11. A. FEEDBACK
one change causes another change, which then, affects the original change
Ex: breathing rate
[CO2]
[CO2]
Detected by
medullla
oblongata
Detected by
medulla
oblongata
increases
decreases
Heart rate
Depth of
breath
Heart rate
Depth of
breath

12. Lab : Comparing Living & Nonliving Things
I. Objectives:
A. Classify things as living or nonliving based on the characteristics of life
II. Materials
* various materials provided at each of the lab stations

13. III. Procedure
1. Study the specimens at ea. of the lab stations carefully.
2. Determine & record if each specimen possesses the characteristics listed in the data table 1.(y = yes, n= no, CD = can’t determine)
3. Base your answers on immediate observations, prior knowledge, or information from other sources.
4. Repeat steps 1-4 for each lab station.

14. IV. Data Table 1 Specimen 1 or More Cells Reproduces Genetic Code
Grows
Uses Materials &Energy
Responds to Environment
Maintains Internal Balance
Changes Over Time

15. V. Conclusions
Copy the chart headings below:
Specimen
Living or Nonliving
Explanation
1. For each specimen you observed, determine if it was living or nonliving and provide an explanation as to why you think this is so.
2. What specimens did you have difficulty placing in a category of living or nonliving? Why?
3. What characteristics of life were the most difficult to evaluate? Why?
Final Paragraph from Writing a Lab Report