What are the characteristics of phylum poriferA? Kingdom Animalia What are animals? How do animals develop? What are the characteristics of phylum poriferA?

Kingdom Animalia Characteristics Multicellular Eukaryotic Heterotrophic No cell walls 2 main groups: Invertebrates (95%) – no backbone Vertebrates (5%) - backbone

Seven Essential Functions of Animals Feeding Herbivores, Carnivores, Filter Feeders, Detritivores, Symbiotic Relationships Respiration Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water + ENERGY Circulation Smaller animals rely on diffusion Larger animals have circulatory system Excretion Elminates ammonia or converts it to a less toxic substance

Seven Essential Functions of Animals Response Use of nerve cells Movement Use of muscles even if animal is sedentary Reproduction Sexual and Asexual Animals that are more complex have Specialized cells Bilateral body symmetry Cephalization Body cavity

Animal Development

Animal Development Zygote Blastula Gastrula Blastopore in gastrula either becomes mouth (protostome) or anus (deuterostome) 3 cell layers develop from gastrula: Endoderm (lining of digestive tract and respiratory system) Mesoderm (muscles and most organ systems) Ectoderm (sense organs, nerves, and skin)

Body Symmetry Asymmetry Radial symmetry Bilateral symmetry

Body Cavity Formation Acoelomate – no body cavity Pseudocoelomate – false body cavity Coelomate – true body cavity

Phylum Porifera

Phylum Porifera – “Pore Bearers” Multicellular, Heterotrophic, no cell walls Few specialized cells Choanocytes use flagella to move water through sponge Spicules and archaeocytes make simple skeleton Asymmetrical Filter feeders Respiration, circulation, and excretion are performed by water moving through sponge Can produce toxins in response to predators Sexual (external fertilization) or asexual reproduction