1. Introduction to Animals

2. All living things used to be classified into 5 kingdoms before we reorganized it into the 3 domains and 6 supergroups we’ve learned about.

4. Characteristics of all Animals

5. Animal Characteristics
DEFINING CHARACTERISTCS OF ANIMALS
1. Heterotrophs: ingest their food
2. Multicellular:
3. Eukaryotic: animal cells with a nucleus and organelles (large diversity of cell specialization)
4. No cell walls
TWO MAIN DIVISIONS:
Invertebrate: all other phyla without internal skeletons
Vertebrate: Phylum Chordata – internal skeleton

6. Eucaryotic (The cell has a nucleus)

7. Multicellular (allows cell specialization) Specialized cells are more efficient than non-specialized cells

8. Heterotropic (They obtain food by eating other organisms (herbivores, carnivores or omnivores)).

9. Can move (are motile) at some point in their life

10. Respond to stimuli (nerves)

11. Respiration – moves oxygen into the organism and removes CO2

12. Most animals reproduce sexually but some can reproduce asexually

15. Cell Specialization Animals contain many specialized cells
each has a shape, physical structure, and chemical composition that make it suited for it’s particular function
called “division of labor”
specialized cells perform tasks much more efficiently

19. Symmetry None – Porifera Radial – Cnidaria Bilateral – All others
Pentamerous Radial Symmetry – Echinoderm Adults only
Earland

21. Concentration of nerves and sense organs at the front end or head of the organism.

22. Body cavities – Acoelom (no body cavity)

23. False body cavity - Pseudocoelomate
– partial fluid filled body cavity (coelom)
-Partly lines with internal tissue (mesoderm)
- Internal organs are loosely held in place

24. True body cavity - coelom
Coelom – fluid filled body cavity, completely lined with internal tissue (mesoderm). Has suspended internal organs

26. Earland

27. Tissue Layers Endoderm - digestion and respiration structures
Mesoderm - muscles, bones, blood, and reproductive organs
Ectoderm - skin, brain, and nervous system

28. Animal Systems
In order to survive, animals must be able to perform a number of essential functions
Feeding
Respiration
Internal Transport
Excretion
Response
Movement
Reproduction

29. The 7 Essentials Feeding – heterotroph, autotroph, etc.
Respiration – skin or full system
Internal Transport – closed or open circulation
Excretion – waste removal
Response – nerve cells – brain- specialized organs
Movement – exo or endoskeleton, muscles
Reproduction – sexual or asexual